158
7 Water and Wastewater Treatment
glycerol and soaps by combining it with a strong alkali. In other words, during
the primary sedimentation stage, the sewage moves through large tanks called presettling basins (Qasim 2017).
Discuss two benefits of saponification.
7.4 Secondary Treatment
This is designed to degrade organic content derived from food waste, detergent,
soaps, and human waste. Many municipal plants use aerobic biological processes
for treating sewage. For effectiveness, the biota needs both food and oxygen to
live. Biota is defined as the plant and animal life of a specific region, geological
period, or habitat. Protozoa and bacteria consume soluble organic contaminants
that are biodegradable, including fats, sugars, and carbon molecules. The bacteria
bind the less soluble fractions to form floc (Qasim 2017). Conceptually, secondary
treatment systems are categorized as suspended-growth or fixed-film systems. The
main objective of secondary treatment is to treat further the effluent emanating
from primary treatment to eliminate residual organics as well as suspended solids.
In many cases, secondary treatment also entails the removal of biodegradable
dissolved organic matter through aerobic biological treatment by microorganisms
using oxygen.
Between primary and secondary treatment, which one is more cumbersome?
Provide three valid reasons.
The final phase entails treatment of biosolids and the remaining water. Because
of gravity, separation of organic waste from the heavier grit occurs. Organic waste is
deposited in landfills. The remaining primary sludge moves to a thickener whereby
it undergoes centrifuging before being fed to digesting tanks. This process produces
methane which can be used for powering the plant. Stabilized sludge is the final
solid product obtained and can be used as fertilizer. The other wastewater is then
treated to eliminate nitrogen, phosphorous, and other nutrients.
7.5 Tertiary Wastewater Treatment
The primary purpose of tertiary wastewater treatment is increasing water quality
to industrial and domestic standards, or meeting particular requirements governing
safe water discharge. If done by municipalities, this form of treatment also entails
7 Water and Wastewater Treatment
glycerol and soaps by combining it with a strong alkali. In other words, during
the primary sedimentation stage, the sewage moves through large tanks called presettling basins (Qasim 2017).
Discuss two benefits of saponification.
7.4 Secondary Treatment
This is designed to degrade organic content derived from food waste, detergent,
soaps, and human waste. Many municipal plants use aerobic biological processes
for treating sewage. For effectiveness, the biota needs both food and oxygen to
live. Biota is defined as the plant and animal life of a specific region, geological
period, or habitat. Protozoa and bacteria consume soluble organic contaminants
that are biodegradable, including fats, sugars, and carbon molecules. The bacteria
bind the less soluble fractions to form floc (Qasim 2017). Conceptually, secondary
treatment systems are categorized as suspended-growth or fixed-film systems. The
main objective of secondary treatment is to treat further the effluent emanating
from primary treatment to eliminate residual organics as well as suspended solids.
In many cases, secondary treatment also entails the removal of biodegradable
dissolved organic matter through aerobic biological treatment by microorganisms
using oxygen.
Between primary and secondary treatment, which one is more cumbersome?
Provide three valid reasons.
The final phase entails treatment of biosolids and the remaining water. Because
of gravity, separation of organic waste from the heavier grit occurs. Organic waste is
deposited in landfills. The remaining primary sludge moves to a thickener whereby
it undergoes centrifuging before being fed to digesting tanks. This process produces
methane which can be used for powering the plant. Stabilized sludge is the final
solid product obtained and can be used as fertilizer. The other wastewater is then
treated to eliminate nitrogen, phosphorous, and other nutrients.
7.5 Tertiary Wastewater Treatment
The primary purpose of tertiary wastewater treatment is increasing water quality
to industrial and domestic standards, or meeting particular requirements governing
safe water discharge. If done by municipalities, this form of treatment also entails