30
Annexure A: Questionnaires to Evaluate the Ecosystem
Services of Mangroves
1. What is your name and profession?
2. What are the main threats on mangroves of Indian Sundarbans?
3. How mangroves are associated with your life? Rank the association with the
score from 1 to 8, where 1 stands for very less association and 8 stands for
association of highest degree.
4. What are major services offered by mangroves?
5. How efficient are mangroves to protect against storms and wave actions?
6. How mangroves are helpful in controlling erosion?
7. Do you have any idea on the bioremediation potential of mangroves?
8. What are the sources of pollutants in the estuaries of Indian Sundarbans?
9. How mangroves control nutrients and heavy metals in the estuaries of Indian
Sundarbans?
10. Do you have any idea about climate change and Green House Gas (GHG)
emission?
11. Which is the major GHG in your area and what are its sources?
12. How mangroves are useful in supporting the biodiversity?
13. What is your major source of income?
14. Do you have any idea about alternative livelihood and its relations with mangrove conservation?
15. Why do you worship Bonobibi? What are the other principal local folk deities
in your area?
References
Banerjee, L. K., & Das, G. C. (1972). New distributional records from Orissa coast. Bulletin of
Botanical Survey of India, 14(1–4), 184–186.
Banerjee, L. K., & Rao, T. A. (1990). Mangroves of Orissa coast and their ecology (p. 118). Dehra
Dun: Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh.
Barbier, E. B. (1991). An approach to economic evaluation of tropical wetlands: With examples
from Guatemala and Nicaragua. In N. P. Girvan & D. Simons (Eds.), Caribbean ecology and
economics (pp. 207–231). St. Michael, Barbados: Caribbean Conservation Association.
Barbier, E. B., Acreman, M., & Knowler, D. (1997). Economic valuation of wetlands: A guide for
policy makers and planners. Gland: Ramsar Convention Bureau.
Biswas, S., Pal, N., Fazli, P., Zaman, S., & Mitra, A. (2019). Samosa and Kachuri from Mangrove
Associate Species: An innovative utilization of coastal Flora. International Journal for
Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 7(1), 73–79.
Brander, L., Florax, R., & Vermaat, J. (2006). The empirics of wetland valuation: A comprehensive
summary and a meta-analysis of the literature. Environmental and Resource Economics, 33,
223–250.
Brauman, K. A., Daily, G. C., Duarte, T. K., & Mooney, H. A. (2007). The nature and value
of ecosystem services: An overview high-lighting hydrologic services. Annual Review of
Environment and Resources, 32, 67–98.
1 Ecosystem Services of Mangroves: An Overview
Annexure A: Questionnaires to Evaluate the Ecosystem
Services of Mangroves
1. What is your name and profession?
2. What are the main threats on mangroves of Indian Sundarbans?
3. How mangroves are associated with your life? Rank the association with the
score from 1 to 8, where 1 stands for very less association and 8 stands for
association of highest degree.
4. What are major services offered by mangroves?
5. How efficient are mangroves to protect against storms and wave actions?
6. How mangroves are helpful in controlling erosion?
7. Do you have any idea on the bioremediation potential of mangroves?
8. What are the sources of pollutants in the estuaries of Indian Sundarbans?
9. How mangroves control nutrients and heavy metals in the estuaries of Indian
Sundarbans?
10. Do you have any idea about climate change and Green House Gas (GHG)
emission?
11. Which is the major GHG in your area and what are its sources?
12. How mangroves are useful in supporting the biodiversity?
13. What is your major source of income?
14. Do you have any idea about alternative livelihood and its relations with mangrove conservation?
15. Why do you worship Bonobibi? What are the other principal local folk deities
in your area?
References
Banerjee, L. K., & Das, G. C. (1972). New distributional records from Orissa coast. Bulletin of
Botanical Survey of India, 14(1–4), 184–186.
Banerjee, L. K., & Rao, T. A. (1990). Mangroves of Orissa coast and their ecology (p. 118). Dehra
Dun: Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh.
Barbier, E. B. (1991). An approach to economic evaluation of tropical wetlands: With examples
from Guatemala and Nicaragua. In N. P. Girvan & D. Simons (Eds.), Caribbean ecology and
economics (pp. 207–231). St. Michael, Barbados: Caribbean Conservation Association.
Barbier, E. B., Acreman, M., & Knowler, D. (1997). Economic valuation of wetlands: A guide for
policy makers and planners. Gland: Ramsar Convention Bureau.
Biswas, S., Pal, N., Fazli, P., Zaman, S., & Mitra, A. (2019). Samosa and Kachuri from Mangrove
Associate Species: An innovative utilization of coastal Flora. International Journal for
Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 7(1), 73–79.
Brander, L., Florax, R., & Vermaat, J. (2006). The empirics of wetland valuation: A comprehensive
summary and a meta-analysis of the literature. Environmental and Resource Economics, 33,
223–250.
Brauman, K. A., Daily, G. C., Duarte, T. K., & Mooney, H. A. (2007). The nature and value
of ecosystem services: An overview high-lighting hydrologic services. Annual Review of
Environment and Resources, 32, 67–98.
1 Ecosystem Services of Mangroves: An Overview