357
K
Kantha, 306
Kapil Muni Ashram, 304
L
Litter production, 87
Local inhabitant, 346
Lohachara Island, 162
M
Macroalgal diversity, 252
Mangrove-centric biodiversity, 245, 288
Mangrove creeks, 324
Mangrove ecosystem, 82, 252, 282
Mangrove environment/ecosystem, 303
Mangrove floral species, 307
Mangrove God Devotion Scale
(MGDS), 341
fisherman, 345
honey and wax collectors, 345, 346
local inhabitant, 346, 350
policy makers, 343, 344
prawn seed collectors, 346, 348
Mangroves
Bramhani and Baitarani delta, 15
carbon sequestration, 11
central Indian Sundarbans, 25, 27
classification of Indian mangroves
habitats, 14
coastal environment, 20
coastal water quality, 8
eastern Indian Sundarbans, 28
ecosystem services, 2, 7, 19, 20, 22, 26, 29
Gangetic deltaic complex, 27
geo-morphological character, Indian
mangroves, 15
ground and storm water, 10
Indian Sundarban, 19
phenols and flavonoids, 11
physical interaction, 7
vegetation, 11
vegetative structures, 13
water birds, 10
wave attenuation, 13, 14
western Indian Sundarbans, 23, 24
Mean sea level (MSL), 66
Micro and macro-tidal cycles, 323
Microfloral community
bacteria, 255
cyanobacteria, 258
lytic bacteria, 256–257
stations, 258
Migration, mangrove
geo-physico-chemical nature, 168
nektonic species, 160
prediction, 172
salt marshes, 178
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 337
N
Natural resources, 263
Natural sinks, 152
Netlon tray, 319
Newton’s formula, 222
Nitrogen sequestration
Avicennia alba, 227
Avicennia marina, 226
Avicennia officinalis, 228
Excoecaria agallocha, 229
Sonneratia apetala, 225
Non Timber Forest Product (NTFP), 296, 306
Non-use value, 7
Nutrient retention
anthropogenic sources, 87
aquaculture sector, 90
artificial source, 90
average nitrogen/phosphorus ratios, 101
benthic and pelagic food webs, 88
brackishwater, 99
food web, 91
Gangetic delta region, 99
halophytes, 87
Hooghly estuarine system, 91, 92, 99
impact of nutrient enrichment, 111
intertidal mudflats, 88, 101–110
litter production, 87
mangrove litter, 88–91
marine and estuarine areas, 100
paddy field and shrimp, 92
phosphorus pollution, 99
plant-mediated nutrient-cycling
processes, 100
postmonsoon and premonsoon, 90
process of decomposition, 87
process of energy transfer, 88
retaining and recycling nutrients, 100
sources of, 89, 94
total litter fall, 89
untreated sewage disposal, 99
O
Off-bottom culture, 316
On-bottom culture, 316
Oyster colony, 263
Index
K
Kantha, 306
Kapil Muni Ashram, 304
L
Litter production, 87
Local inhabitant, 346
Lohachara Island, 162
M
Macroalgal diversity, 252
Mangrove-centric biodiversity, 245, 288
Mangrove creeks, 324
Mangrove ecosystem, 82, 252, 282
Mangrove environment/ecosystem, 303
Mangrove floral species, 307
Mangrove God Devotion Scale
(MGDS), 341
fisherman, 345
honey and wax collectors, 345, 346
local inhabitant, 346, 350
policy makers, 343, 344
prawn seed collectors, 346, 348
Mangroves
Bramhani and Baitarani delta, 15
carbon sequestration, 11
central Indian Sundarbans, 25, 27
classification of Indian mangroves
habitats, 14
coastal environment, 20
coastal water quality, 8
eastern Indian Sundarbans, 28
ecosystem services, 2, 7, 19, 20, 22, 26, 29
Gangetic deltaic complex, 27
geo-morphological character, Indian
mangroves, 15
ground and storm water, 10
Indian Sundarban, 19
phenols and flavonoids, 11
physical interaction, 7
vegetation, 11
vegetative structures, 13
water birds, 10
wave attenuation, 13, 14
western Indian Sundarbans, 23, 24
Mean sea level (MSL), 66
Micro and macro-tidal cycles, 323
Microfloral community
bacteria, 255
cyanobacteria, 258
lytic bacteria, 256–257
stations, 258
Migration, mangrove
geo-physico-chemical nature, 168
nektonic species, 160
prediction, 172
salt marshes, 178
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 337
N
Natural resources, 263
Natural sinks, 152
Netlon tray, 319
Newton’s formula, 222
Nitrogen sequestration
Avicennia alba, 227
Avicennia marina, 226
Avicennia officinalis, 228
Excoecaria agallocha, 229
Sonneratia apetala, 225
Non Timber Forest Product (NTFP), 296, 306
Non-use value, 7
Nutrient retention
anthropogenic sources, 87
aquaculture sector, 90
artificial source, 90
average nitrogen/phosphorus ratios, 101
benthic and pelagic food webs, 88
brackishwater, 99
food web, 91
Gangetic delta region, 99
halophytes, 87
Hooghly estuarine system, 91, 92, 99
impact of nutrient enrichment, 111
intertidal mudflats, 88, 101–110
litter production, 87
mangrove litter, 88–91
marine and estuarine areas, 100
paddy field and shrimp, 92
phosphorus pollution, 99
plant-mediated nutrient-cycling
processes, 100
postmonsoon and premonsoon, 90
process of decomposition, 87
process of energy transfer, 88
retaining and recycling nutrients, 100
sources of, 89, 94
total litter fall, 89
untreated sewage disposal, 99
O
Off-bottom culture, 316
On-bottom culture, 316
Oyster colony, 263
Index