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L. J. Rather et al.
their potential for different applications since textiles are now broadly used in different application sectors such as clothing, pharmaceutical, medical, engineering,
agricultural, and food industries. For that scientists have explored different synthetic, semi-synthetic, and natural products to add values to textile surfaces in terms
of antibacterial, UV protective, antifungal, and fluorescent properties in addition to
coloration of textile materials [1]. However, a new revolution in the textile industry is
going on with the apparition of new technologies, which could add special functions
and prominent finishes to the fabrics surfaces without decreasing comfort properties.
For instance, there has been distinguished enhancement in technologies for synthetic
and natural smart fabrics, textile finishing and high-performance functional textiles
[2].
Nanomaterials play a vital role because of the interesting surface properties that
allow increasing their effect in comparison with bulky traditional additives and materials in technological evolution. Conventional nanomaterials such as metal oxide
agents, carbon-based materials, host-guest compounds, and so on are examples
of nano-structured materials used in antimicrobial, deodorant, UV-protection, selfcleaning, and other common finishing methods [3]. In non-commercial research of
sunscreens that contain TiO 2 and ZnO nanoparticles and their composites, the subject
of safety mainly concerns the penetration of nanocomposites into the skin. Also, the
safety nanofinished sunscreens are also determined by physicochemical properties
of the nanoparticles, coatings, formulations, and the interaction of these components
with UV radiation [4]. In the finishing process it is important to use environmentfriendly methods and materials. So, substitute ingredients with great environmental
safety are preferred. This chapter reviews the most relevant contributions of the use
of common nanoparticles and their composites to functionalize textile materials with
an environmental assessment and impact on human health.
2 Nanomaterials for Textile Finishing
Increasing customer demand from last few decades for robust and practical clothing
produced in environmentally friendly and sustainable means has shaped a prospect
for nanomaterials to be integrated into textile substrates as active functionalization
agents to alter their surface properties [4]. Nanomoieties/nanoclusters can induce
static elimination stain repellence, electrical conductivity and wrinkle-freeness to
fibers without conceding their flexibility and comfort. Textiles materials are universal interface/materials for the fabrication of nanomaterials, electronics, and optical
devices. Such technologies and integrated materials offer a stage that retorts to electrical, thermal, optical, chemical, magnetic or mechanical stimuli [5, 6]. Nanomaterials
similarly offer a broader application platform to produce functional garments that
can intellect and reply to external stimuli via color, electrical or physiological signals
[7].
L. J. Rather et al.
their potential for different applications since textiles are now broadly used in different application sectors such as clothing, pharmaceutical, medical, engineering,
agricultural, and food industries. For that scientists have explored different synthetic, semi-synthetic, and natural products to add values to textile surfaces in terms
of antibacterial, UV protective, antifungal, and fluorescent properties in addition to
coloration of textile materials [1]. However, a new revolution in the textile industry is
going on with the apparition of new technologies, which could add special functions
and prominent finishes to the fabrics surfaces without decreasing comfort properties.
For instance, there has been distinguished enhancement in technologies for synthetic
and natural smart fabrics, textile finishing and high-performance functional textiles
[2].
Nanomaterials play a vital role because of the interesting surface properties that
allow increasing their effect in comparison with bulky traditional additives and materials in technological evolution. Conventional nanomaterials such as metal oxide
agents, carbon-based materials, host-guest compounds, and so on are examples
of nano-structured materials used in antimicrobial, deodorant, UV-protection, selfcleaning, and other common finishing methods [3]. In non-commercial research of
sunscreens that contain TiO 2 and ZnO nanoparticles and their composites, the subject
of safety mainly concerns the penetration of nanocomposites into the skin. Also, the
safety nanofinished sunscreens are also determined by physicochemical properties
of the nanoparticles, coatings, formulations, and the interaction of these components
with UV radiation [4]. In the finishing process it is important to use environmentfriendly methods and materials. So, substitute ingredients with great environmental
safety are preferred. This chapter reviews the most relevant contributions of the use
of common nanoparticles and their composites to functionalize textile materials with
an environmental assessment and impact on human health.
2 Nanomaterials for Textile Finishing
Increasing customer demand from last few decades for robust and practical clothing
produced in environmentally friendly and sustainable means has shaped a prospect
for nanomaterials to be integrated into textile substrates as active functionalization
agents to alter their surface properties [4]. Nanomoieties/nanoclusters can induce
static elimination stain repellence, electrical conductivity and wrinkle-freeness to
fibers without conceding their flexibility and comfort. Textiles materials are universal interface/materials for the fabrication of nanomaterials, electronics, and optical
devices. Such technologies and integrated materials offer a stage that retorts to electrical, thermal, optical, chemical, magnetic or mechanical stimuli [5, 6]. Nanomaterials
similarly offer a broader application platform to produce functional garments that
can intellect and reply to external stimuli via color, electrical or physiological signals
[7].