344
S. Adeel et al.
a 90 mL irradiated dye solution (RS) 100 °C in the presence of 1% of dispersant.
The obtained fastness grading revealed that ultraviolet radiation has improved the
rating of fastness when shade is made at optimum conditions. Ultraviolet treatment
not only reduced time, labor, and money but also improved color characteristics.
14 Conclusion
Modern tools are gaining a lot of popularity on account of their high treatment
speed, particularity in fabric processing. In this chapter the role of radiation has been
discussed during processing of fabric to make it sustainable for dyeing. The utilization
of MW, US and UV rays as modern heating tools not only make fabric processing
more viable but also add value in coloration of cotton and polyester fabric using
various class of dyes. However, the role of MW treatment is much more prominent
as compared to US and UV rays for fabric processing as well as for getting desired
results, using MW treatment not only dyeing variables have been reduced but also
excellent color characteristics of fabric dyed with reactive Vat and disperse dyes.
Acknowledgements We are highly thankful to Higher Education Commission of Pakistan for funding the research work presented in this chapter under project No. 20-2724/NRPU/R&D/HEC/126828. We are also thankful to Government College University Faisalabad for funding the research
project under research support program through project No. GCUF-RSP/ACH-09. We are also
thankful to Mr. Zafar Iqbal Manager of Noor Fatima Fabric Faisalabad, Mr. Muhammad Iqbal
Director of Harris Dyes and Chemical Faisalabad Pakistan for providing us the technical support
during this research work.
References
1. Shuli F, Jarwar AH, Wang X, Wang L, Ma Q (2018) Overview of the cotton in Pakistan and
its future prospects. Pak J Agri Res 31(4):396–406
2. Aftab AK, Khan M (2010) Pakistan textile industry facing new challenges. Res J Int Stud
14(5):21–29
3. Adeel S, Saif MJ, Khosa MK, Anjum MN, Kamran M, Zuber M, Asif M (2020) Ultrasonic
assisted improvement in dyeing behaviour of polyester fabric using Disperse Red 343. Pol J
Environ Stud 29(1):261–265
4. Bhatti IA, Adeel S, Siddique S, Abbas M (2012) Effect of UV radiation on dyeing of cotton
fabric with Reactive Blue 13. J Saudi Chem Soc 18(5):606–609
5. Migliavacca G, Ferrero F, Periolatto M (2014) Differential dyeing of wool fabric with metalcomplex dyes after ultraviolet irradiation. Soc Dyers Color Color Technol 130:327–333
6. Sekhri S (2014) Textbook of fabric science: fundamental to finishing. PHI Learning Private
Ltd., Dehli
7. Wang L, Xiang Z, Bai Y, Long J (2013) A plasma aided process for grey cotton fabric
pretreatment. J Clean Prod 54:323–331
8. Mahmood N, Tusief MQ, Iqbal D, Khan MA, Ishaque W (2012) Effect of different locations,
varieties and micronaire values upon the non-cellulosic and metal contents of cotton. J Chem
Soc Pak 34(1)
S. Adeel et al.
a 90 mL irradiated dye solution (RS) 100 °C in the presence of 1% of dispersant.
The obtained fastness grading revealed that ultraviolet radiation has improved the
rating of fastness when shade is made at optimum conditions. Ultraviolet treatment
not only reduced time, labor, and money but also improved color characteristics.
14 Conclusion
Modern tools are gaining a lot of popularity on account of their high treatment
speed, particularity in fabric processing. In this chapter the role of radiation has been
discussed during processing of fabric to make it sustainable for dyeing. The utilization
of MW, US and UV rays as modern heating tools not only make fabric processing
more viable but also add value in coloration of cotton and polyester fabric using
various class of dyes. However, the role of MW treatment is much more prominent
as compared to US and UV rays for fabric processing as well as for getting desired
results, using MW treatment not only dyeing variables have been reduced but also
excellent color characteristics of fabric dyed with reactive Vat and disperse dyes.
Acknowledgements We are highly thankful to Higher Education Commission of Pakistan for funding the research work presented in this chapter under project No. 20-2724/NRPU/R&D/HEC/126828. We are also thankful to Government College University Faisalabad for funding the research
project under research support program through project No. GCUF-RSP/ACH-09. We are also
thankful to Mr. Zafar Iqbal Manager of Noor Fatima Fabric Faisalabad, Mr. Muhammad Iqbal
Director of Harris Dyes and Chemical Faisalabad Pakistan for providing us the technical support
during this research work.
References
1. Shuli F, Jarwar AH, Wang X, Wang L, Ma Q (2018) Overview of the cotton in Pakistan and
its future prospects. Pak J Agri Res 31(4):396–406
2. Aftab AK, Khan M (2010) Pakistan textile industry facing new challenges. Res J Int Stud
14(5):21–29
3. Adeel S, Saif MJ, Khosa MK, Anjum MN, Kamran M, Zuber M, Asif M (2020) Ultrasonic
assisted improvement in dyeing behaviour of polyester fabric using Disperse Red 343. Pol J
Environ Stud 29(1):261–265
4. Bhatti IA, Adeel S, Siddique S, Abbas M (2012) Effect of UV radiation on dyeing of cotton
fabric with Reactive Blue 13. J Saudi Chem Soc 18(5):606–609
5. Migliavacca G, Ferrero F, Periolatto M (2014) Differential dyeing of wool fabric with metalcomplex dyes after ultraviolet irradiation. Soc Dyers Color Color Technol 130:327–333
6. Sekhri S (2014) Textbook of fabric science: fundamental to finishing. PHI Learning Private
Ltd., Dehli
7. Wang L, Xiang Z, Bai Y, Long J (2013) A plasma aided process for grey cotton fabric
pretreatment. J Clean Prod 54:323–331
8. Mahmood N, Tusief MQ, Iqbal D, Khan MA, Ishaque W (2012) Effect of different locations,
varieties and micronaire values upon the non-cellulosic and metal contents of cotton. J Chem
Soc Pak 34(1)