Surface Modification of Textiles with Nanomaterials …
7
cells, and supercapacitors [32]. Based on the reports published, design of flexible
energy storage/harvest device is possible once the CPs based textile supercapacitor
is fabricated.
In terms of sensing application, the electrochromic behaviour of CPs helps to
detect the analyte either in gas/aqueous phase, where change in colour (transparent to
opaque) was visibly observed during interaction. For example, if conducting polymer
PANI is exposed to ammonia (NH 3 ), it will undergo deprotonation and form NH 4
+ ,
where distinct change in optical spectra was observed. Moreover, PANI was proven
for humidity sensing application, where it was deposited on cantilever surface and
shows ultra-sensitive deflection by varying the humidity conditions [33].
2.3 Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs)
Metal Organic Frameworks, a highly porous and crystalline solid made of metal
units and organic linkers, could be self-assembled together forming a highly ordered
structure in different dimensions [34, 35]. In particular, the structure of MOFs can
be intentionally designed by selecting the appropriate combination of metal clusters
and organic linkers or by post modification treatment. Limitless choices as a result
of such combinations provide us with diverse framework structures and different
functionalities [36]. Hence, tunable characteristics of MOFs have received more
interest in the contemporary research, which includes gas storage/separation [37],
catalysis [38], drug delivery [39] and sensing [40]. The interesting feature of the
interaction mechanism of MOFs with the approached guest molecules is mainly
driven through: (i) uncoordinated metal sites [41], (ii) organic linker defects [42]
and (iii) functional groups [43]. In specific, the Lewis acid/base nature between the
MOFs and guest molecules [44] and its resultant performance decides the particular
application. The schematic representation of MOF is represented in Fig. 3.
On other hand, porosity, another key parameter dominates the MOFs performance
especially in gas adsorption. For example, tuning the MOFs pore size and shape
selectively allows the analyte to diffuse into its bulk structure [45]. The size and
Fig. 3 Building blocks of MOFs
7
cells, and supercapacitors [32]. Based on the reports published, design of flexible
energy storage/harvest device is possible once the CPs based textile supercapacitor
is fabricated.
In terms of sensing application, the electrochromic behaviour of CPs helps to
detect the analyte either in gas/aqueous phase, where change in colour (transparent to
opaque) was visibly observed during interaction. For example, if conducting polymer
PANI is exposed to ammonia (NH 3 ), it will undergo deprotonation and form NH 4
+ ,
where distinct change in optical spectra was observed. Moreover, PANI was proven
for humidity sensing application, where it was deposited on cantilever surface and
shows ultra-sensitive deflection by varying the humidity conditions [33].
2.3 Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs)
Metal Organic Frameworks, a highly porous and crystalline solid made of metal
units and organic linkers, could be self-assembled together forming a highly ordered
structure in different dimensions [34, 35]. In particular, the structure of MOFs can
be intentionally designed by selecting the appropriate combination of metal clusters
and organic linkers or by post modification treatment. Limitless choices as a result
of such combinations provide us with diverse framework structures and different
functionalities [36]. Hence, tunable characteristics of MOFs have received more
interest in the contemporary research, which includes gas storage/separation [37],
catalysis [38], drug delivery [39] and sensing [40]. The interesting feature of the
interaction mechanism of MOFs with the approached guest molecules is mainly
driven through: (i) uncoordinated metal sites [41], (ii) organic linker defects [42]
and (iii) functional groups [43]. In specific, the Lewis acid/base nature between the
MOFs and guest molecules [44] and its resultant performance decides the particular
application. The schematic representation of MOF is represented in Fig. 3.
On other hand, porosity, another key parameter dominates the MOFs performance
especially in gas adsorption. For example, tuning the MOFs pore size and shape
selectively allows the analyte to diffuse into its bulk structure [45]. The size and
Fig. 3 Building blocks of MOFs