Goodby JW, Collings PJ, Kato T, Tschierske C, Gleeson H, Raynes P, Vill V (2014) Handbook of
liquid crystals, 8 volume set. Wiley, Germany
Gray GW, Vill V, Spiess HW, Demus D, Goodby JW (2009) Physical properties of liquid crystals.
Wiley, Germany
Hamley I, Garnett S, Luckhurst G, Roskilly S, Sedon J, Pedersen JS, Richardson R (1996)
Orientational ordering in the nematic phase of a thermotropic liquid crystal: a small angle
neutron scattering study. J Chem Phys 104(24):10046–10054
Harris KD, Cuypers R, Scheibe P, van Oosten CL, Bastiaansen CW, Lub J, Broer DJ (2005) Large
amplitude light-induced motion in high elastic modulus polymer actuators. J Mater Chem
15(47):5043–5048
He J, Bu W (1994) Microstructure formation in polyblends containing liquid crystalline polymers.
Polymer 35(23):5061–5066
Ide Y, Ophir Z (1983) Orientation development in thermotropic liquid crystal polymers. Polym Eng
Sci 23(5):261–265
Jaffe M (1991) Applications of liquid crystal polymers. J Stat Phys 62(5–6):985–995
Kar KK (2011) Carbon nanotubes: synthesis, characterization and applications. Research
Publishing Service, Singapore
Kar KK (2016) Composite materials: processing, applications, characterizations. Springer, New
York
Kar K, Hodzic A (2011) Carbon nanotube based nanocomposites: recent development. Research
Publishing, Singapore
Kar KK, Otaigbe JU (2004) Rheological characterization of liquid crystal polymers (Xydar-300,
Xydar-400 and Xydar-900) measured in ares spectrometer. In: ANTEC conference proceedings,
society of plastics engineers
Kato T, Tanabe K (2009) Electro-and photoactive molecular assemblies of liquid crystals and
physical gels. Chem Lett 38(7):634–639
Khokhlov A, Semenov A (1981) Liquid-crystalline ordering in the solution of long persistent
chains. Phys A: Stat Mech Appl 108(2–3):546–556
Kim JY, Kim SH (2006) Influence of viscosity ratio on processing and morphology of thermotropic
liquid crystal polymer-reinforced poly (ethylene 2, 6-naphthalate) blends. Polym Int 55(4):
449–455
Klein P, Evans B, Ward I (1996) Liquid-crystalline polymer systems: technology advances. ACS
symposium series. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC
Kumar S (2001) Liquid crystals: experimental study of physical properties and phase transitions.
Cambridge University Press, UK
Lee KM, Koerner H, Vaia RA, Bunning TJ, White TJ (2011) Light-activated shape memory of
glassy, azobenzene liquid crystalline polymer networks. Soft Matter 7(9):4318–4324
Lee KM, Bunning TJ, White TJ (2012) Autonomous, hands-free shape memory in glassy, liquid
crystalline polymer networks. Adv Mater 24(21):2839–2843
Lehmann O (1900) Structur, system und magnetisches verhalten flüssiger krystalle und deren
mischbarkeit mit festen. Ann Phys 307(8):649–705
Lin J-D, Zhang Y-S, Lee J-Y, Mo T-S, Yeh H-C, Lee C-R (2020) Electrically tunable liquid-crystal–
polymer composite laser with symmetric sandwich structure. Macromolecules 53(3):913–921
Linstid H, Kaslusky A, McChesney C, Turano M (2000) Liquid crystal polymers: an overview of
technology and typical applications. Presentation at NPE, June 19–23
Liu D, Broer DJ (2014) Liquid crystal polymer networks: preparation, properties, and applications
of films with patterned molecular alignment. Langmuir 30(45):13499–13509
Marrucci G (1996) Rheology and processing of liquid crystal polymers. Polymer liquid crystals
series. Chapman & Hall, London
McConney ME, Martinez A, Tondiglia VP, Lee KM, Langley D, Smalyukh II, White TJ (2013)
Topography from topology: photoinduced surface features generated in liquid crystal polymer
networks. Adv Mater 25(41):5880–5885
Moeller M, Matyjaszewski K (2012) Polymer science: a comprehensive reference. Elsevier,
Amsterdam
1 Introduction to Liquid Crystalline Polymers
25
liquid crystals, 8 volume set. Wiley, Germany
Gray GW, Vill V, Spiess HW, Demus D, Goodby JW (2009) Physical properties of liquid crystals.
Wiley, Germany
Hamley I, Garnett S, Luckhurst G, Roskilly S, Sedon J, Pedersen JS, Richardson R (1996)
Orientational ordering in the nematic phase of a thermotropic liquid crystal: a small angle
neutron scattering study. J Chem Phys 104(24):10046–10054
Harris KD, Cuypers R, Scheibe P, van Oosten CL, Bastiaansen CW, Lub J, Broer DJ (2005) Large
amplitude light-induced motion in high elastic modulus polymer actuators. J Mater Chem
15(47):5043–5048
He J, Bu W (1994) Microstructure formation in polyblends containing liquid crystalline polymers.
Polymer 35(23):5061–5066
Ide Y, Ophir Z (1983) Orientation development in thermotropic liquid crystal polymers. Polym Eng
Sci 23(5):261–265
Jaffe M (1991) Applications of liquid crystal polymers. J Stat Phys 62(5–6):985–995
Kar KK (2011) Carbon nanotubes: synthesis, characterization and applications. Research
Publishing Service, Singapore
Kar KK (2016) Composite materials: processing, applications, characterizations. Springer, New
York
Kar K, Hodzic A (2011) Carbon nanotube based nanocomposites: recent development. Research
Publishing, Singapore
Kar KK, Otaigbe JU (2004) Rheological characterization of liquid crystal polymers (Xydar-300,
Xydar-400 and Xydar-900) measured in ares spectrometer. In: ANTEC conference proceedings,
society of plastics engineers
Kato T, Tanabe K (2009) Electro-and photoactive molecular assemblies of liquid crystals and
physical gels. Chem Lett 38(7):634–639
Khokhlov A, Semenov A (1981) Liquid-crystalline ordering in the solution of long persistent
chains. Phys A: Stat Mech Appl 108(2–3):546–556
Kim JY, Kim SH (2006) Influence of viscosity ratio on processing and morphology of thermotropic
liquid crystal polymer-reinforced poly (ethylene 2, 6-naphthalate) blends. Polym Int 55(4):
449–455
Klein P, Evans B, Ward I (1996) Liquid-crystalline polymer systems: technology advances. ACS
symposium series. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC
Kumar S (2001) Liquid crystals: experimental study of physical properties and phase transitions.
Cambridge University Press, UK
Lee KM, Koerner H, Vaia RA, Bunning TJ, White TJ (2011) Light-activated shape memory of
glassy, azobenzene liquid crystalline polymer networks. Soft Matter 7(9):4318–4324
Lee KM, Bunning TJ, White TJ (2012) Autonomous, hands-free shape memory in glassy, liquid
crystalline polymer networks. Adv Mater 24(21):2839–2843
Lehmann O (1900) Structur, system und magnetisches verhalten flüssiger krystalle und deren
mischbarkeit mit festen. Ann Phys 307(8):649–705
Lin J-D, Zhang Y-S, Lee J-Y, Mo T-S, Yeh H-C, Lee C-R (2020) Electrically tunable liquid-crystal–
polymer composite laser with symmetric sandwich structure. Macromolecules 53(3):913–921
Linstid H, Kaslusky A, McChesney C, Turano M (2000) Liquid crystal polymers: an overview of
technology and typical applications. Presentation at NPE, June 19–23
Liu D, Broer DJ (2014) Liquid crystal polymer networks: preparation, properties, and applications
of films with patterned molecular alignment. Langmuir 30(45):13499–13509
Marrucci G (1996) Rheology and processing of liquid crystal polymers. Polymer liquid crystals
series. Chapman & Hall, London
McConney ME, Martinez A, Tondiglia VP, Lee KM, Langley D, Smalyukh II, White TJ (2013)
Topography from topology: photoinduced surface features generated in liquid crystal polymer
networks. Adv Mater 25(41):5880–5885
Moeller M, Matyjaszewski K (2012) Polymer science: a comprehensive reference. Elsevier,
Amsterdam
1 Introduction to Liquid Crystalline Polymers
25