1 3
Topics in Current Chemistry (2019) 377:5
level mimic the surfaces of the shape-controlled nanoparticles, and in this sense, it is
interesting to investigate the concepts of stepped surfaces that fit the materials at the
nanoscopic scale. Future works should follow these directions.
Acknowledgements M.J.S.F. is grateful to PNPD/CAPES (Brazil). J.M.F. thanks the MCINN (FEDER,
Spain) project-CTQ-2016-76221-P.
References
1. Kirby AJ (1997) Efficiency of proton transfer catalysis in models and enzymes. Acc Chem Res
30:290–296
2. Robert S (2015) Heterogeneous catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed 54:3465–3520
3. Vojvodic A, Nørskov JK (2015) New design paradigm for heterogeneous catalysts. Nat Sci Rev
2:140–143
4. Andersen M, Medford AJ, Nørskov JK, Reuter K (2017) Scaling-relation-based analysis of bifunctional catalysis: the case for homogeneous bimetallic alloys. ACS Catal 7:3960–3967
5. Norskov JK, Studt F, Abild-Pedersen F, Bligaard T (2014) Fundamental concepts in heterogeneous
catalysis. Wiley, New York
6. Somorjai GA, Li Y (2010) Introduction to surface chemistry and catalysis. Wiley, New York
7. Tian N, Zhou ZY, Sun SG, Ding Y, Wang ZL (2007) Synthesis of tetrahexahedral platinum
nanocrystals with high-index facets and high electro-oxidation activity. Science 316:732–735
8. Seung WL, Chen S, Sheng W, Yabuuchi N, Kim YT, Mitani T, Vescovo E, Shao-Horn Y (2009)
Roles of surface steps on Pt nanoparticles in electro-oxidation of carbon monoxide and methanol. J
Am Chem Soc 131:15669–15677
9. Koper MTM (2011) Structure sensitivity and nanoscale effects in electrocatalysis. Nanoscale
3:2054–2073
10. Strmcnik D, Kodama K, van der Vliet D, Greeley J, Stamenkovic VR, Marković NM (2009) The
role of non-covalent interactions in electrocatalytic fuel-cell reactions on platinum. Nat Chem
1:466
11. Stoffelsma C, Rodriguez P, Garcia G, Garcia-Araez N, Strmcnik D, Marković NM, Koper MTM
(2010) Promotion of the oxidation of carbon monoxide at stepped platinum single-crystal electrodes in alkaline media by lithium and beryllium cations. J Am Chem Soc 132:16127–16133
12. Gale RJ, Salmeron M, Somorjai GA (1977) Variation of surface reaction probability with reactant
angle of incidence: a molecular beam study of the asymmetry of stepped platinum crystal surfaces
for H–H bond breaking. Phys Rev Lett 38:1027–1029
13. O’Mullane AP (2014) From single crystal surfaces to single atoms: investigating active sites in
electrocatalysis. Nanoscale 6:4012–4026
14. Koper M, Wieckowski A (2009) Fuel cell catalysis: a surface science approach. Wiley, New York
15. Koper MTM (2005) Combining experiment and theory for understanding electrocatalysis. J Electroanal Chem 574:375–386
16. Seh ZW, Kibsgaard J, Dickens CF, Chorkendorff I, Nørskov JK, Jaramillo TF (2017) Combining
theory and experiment in electrocatalysis: insights into materials design. Science 355:eaad4998
17. Taylor HS (1925) A theory of the catalytic surface. Proc R Soc Lond Ser A 108:105–111
18. Buurmans ILC, Weckhuysen BM (2012) Heterogeneities of individual catalyst particles in space
and time as monitored by spectroscopy. Nat Chem 4:873–886
19. Wandelt K (1997) The local work function: concept and implications. Appl Surf Sci 111:1–10
20. Jia JF, Inoue K, Hasegawa Y, Yang WS, Sakurai T (1998) Variation of the local work function at
steps on metal surfaces studied with STM. Phys Rev B 58:1193–1196
21. Pérez León C, Drees H, Wippermann SM, Marz M, Hoffmann-Vogel R (2016) Atomic-scale imaging of the surface dipole distribution of stepped surfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 7:426–430
22. Somorjai GA, Park JY (2008) Molecular factors of catalytic selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed
47:9212–9228
23. Nørskov JK, Bligaard T, Hvolbæk B, Abild-Pedersen F, Chorkendorff I, Christensen CH (2008)
The nature of the active site in heterogeneous metal catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 37:2163–2171
Reprinted from the journal
99
Topics in Current Chemistry (2019) 377:5
level mimic the surfaces of the shape-controlled nanoparticles, and in this sense, it is
interesting to investigate the concepts of stepped surfaces that fit the materials at the
nanoscopic scale. Future works should follow these directions.
Acknowledgements M.J.S.F. is grateful to PNPD/CAPES (Brazil). J.M.F. thanks the MCINN (FEDER,
Spain) project-CTQ-2016-76221-P.
References
1. Kirby AJ (1997) Efficiency of proton transfer catalysis in models and enzymes. Acc Chem Res
30:290–296
2. Robert S (2015) Heterogeneous catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed 54:3465–3520
3. Vojvodic A, Nørskov JK (2015) New design paradigm for heterogeneous catalysts. Nat Sci Rev
2:140–143
4. Andersen M, Medford AJ, Nørskov JK, Reuter K (2017) Scaling-relation-based analysis of bifunctional catalysis: the case for homogeneous bimetallic alloys. ACS Catal 7:3960–3967
5. Norskov JK, Studt F, Abild-Pedersen F, Bligaard T (2014) Fundamental concepts in heterogeneous
catalysis. Wiley, New York
6. Somorjai GA, Li Y (2010) Introduction to surface chemistry and catalysis. Wiley, New York
7. Tian N, Zhou ZY, Sun SG, Ding Y, Wang ZL (2007) Synthesis of tetrahexahedral platinum
nanocrystals with high-index facets and high electro-oxidation activity. Science 316:732–735
8. Seung WL, Chen S, Sheng W, Yabuuchi N, Kim YT, Mitani T, Vescovo E, Shao-Horn Y (2009)
Roles of surface steps on Pt nanoparticles in electro-oxidation of carbon monoxide and methanol. J
Am Chem Soc 131:15669–15677
9. Koper MTM (2011) Structure sensitivity and nanoscale effects in electrocatalysis. Nanoscale
3:2054–2073
10. Strmcnik D, Kodama K, van der Vliet D, Greeley J, Stamenkovic VR, Marković NM (2009) The
role of non-covalent interactions in electrocatalytic fuel-cell reactions on platinum. Nat Chem
1:466
11. Stoffelsma C, Rodriguez P, Garcia G, Garcia-Araez N, Strmcnik D, Marković NM, Koper MTM
(2010) Promotion of the oxidation of carbon monoxide at stepped platinum single-crystal electrodes in alkaline media by lithium and beryllium cations. J Am Chem Soc 132:16127–16133
12. Gale RJ, Salmeron M, Somorjai GA (1977) Variation of surface reaction probability with reactant
angle of incidence: a molecular beam study of the asymmetry of stepped platinum crystal surfaces
for H–H bond breaking. Phys Rev Lett 38:1027–1029
13. O’Mullane AP (2014) From single crystal surfaces to single atoms: investigating active sites in
electrocatalysis. Nanoscale 6:4012–4026
14. Koper M, Wieckowski A (2009) Fuel cell catalysis: a surface science approach. Wiley, New York
15. Koper MTM (2005) Combining experiment and theory for understanding electrocatalysis. J Electroanal Chem 574:375–386
16. Seh ZW, Kibsgaard J, Dickens CF, Chorkendorff I, Nørskov JK, Jaramillo TF (2017) Combining
theory and experiment in electrocatalysis: insights into materials design. Science 355:eaad4998
17. Taylor HS (1925) A theory of the catalytic surface. Proc R Soc Lond Ser A 108:105–111
18. Buurmans ILC, Weckhuysen BM (2012) Heterogeneities of individual catalyst particles in space
and time as monitored by spectroscopy. Nat Chem 4:873–886
19. Wandelt K (1997) The local work function: concept and implications. Appl Surf Sci 111:1–10
20. Jia JF, Inoue K, Hasegawa Y, Yang WS, Sakurai T (1998) Variation of the local work function at
steps on metal surfaces studied with STM. Phys Rev B 58:1193–1196
21. Pérez León C, Drees H, Wippermann SM, Marz M, Hoffmann-Vogel R (2016) Atomic-scale imaging of the surface dipole distribution of stepped surfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 7:426–430
22. Somorjai GA, Park JY (2008) Molecular factors of catalytic selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed
47:9212–9228
23. Nørskov JK, Bligaard T, Hvolbæk B, Abild-Pedersen F, Chorkendorff I, Christensen CH (2008)
The nature of the active site in heterogeneous metal catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 37:2163–2171
Reprinted from the journal
99