5.2.2 Chemical Requirements
The following chemicals purchased from Sigma Chemical Co., 1,1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated
hydroxyanisole (BHA) and methanol solvent (HPLC grade), Folin-Ciocalteu
reagent, sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ), gallic acid, methanol, 5% sodium nitrate,
10% aluminum chloride, 1 M NaOH, quercetin, methanol, DPPH, 1% potassium
ferricyanide, 10% TCA, 0.1% ferric chloride, 1% ascorbic acid, 0.2 M dibasic
sodium phosphate Na2HPO4 (35.61 g/1 L), 0.2 M monobasic sodium phosphate
NaH 2 PO 4 (31.21 g/1 L), aluminum chloride, Whatman Nylon Membrane Filter
(0.45 μm and 47 mm diameter), 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), formic acid, and
0.5 M NaCl, were used in this study.
5.2.3 Field Experiments
The field experiments were carried out at Virudhachalam, Cuddalore (Dt), Tamil
Nadu, India. The Seeds of Raphanus sativus L. plants were sowed in 25 rows:
10 seeds per trial with an interval of 10 cm, 1.5 m long and 1 m wide. The
recommended doses of composts, namely, distillery sludge compost (DSC), vegetable waste vermicompost (VV), distillery sludge vermicompost (DSV) (100 g/sq.
ft), and inorganic fertilizers (urea, CF), were added before sowing the seed. A control
with no fertilizer addition is also maintained (C). The experimental layout was a
randomized complete grid, with three replicates of each setup. Results were
subjected to suitable statistical analysis for the calculation of mean, variance, and
standard error by employing Prism software.
5.2.4 Growth Parameters
The numbers of leaves were counted and the average mean values were calculated.
The root length was also measured using scaling. Weight of fresh and dry leaves,
root, and whole plant was also noted.
5.2.5 Sample Preparation
The edible parts of Raphanus sativus L. (50 g) were cut into small pieces (<0.5 cm),
and it was grounded into fine powder after the addition of liquid nitrogen. The
powder was further sieved followed by lyophilization and extraction of the sample
5 Influence of Distillery Sludge-Based Vermicompost on the Nutritional Status of. . .
71
The following chemicals purchased from Sigma Chemical Co., 1,1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated
hydroxyanisole (BHA) and methanol solvent (HPLC grade), Folin-Ciocalteu
reagent, sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ), gallic acid, methanol, 5% sodium nitrate,
10% aluminum chloride, 1 M NaOH, quercetin, methanol, DPPH, 1% potassium
ferricyanide, 10% TCA, 0.1% ferric chloride, 1% ascorbic acid, 0.2 M dibasic
sodium phosphate Na2HPO4 (35.61 g/1 L), 0.2 M monobasic sodium phosphate
NaH 2 PO 4 (31.21 g/1 L), aluminum chloride, Whatman Nylon Membrane Filter
(0.45 μm and 47 mm diameter), 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), formic acid, and
0.5 M NaCl, were used in this study.
5.2.3 Field Experiments
The field experiments were carried out at Virudhachalam, Cuddalore (Dt), Tamil
Nadu, India. The Seeds of Raphanus sativus L. plants were sowed in 25 rows:
10 seeds per trial with an interval of 10 cm, 1.5 m long and 1 m wide. The
recommended doses of composts, namely, distillery sludge compost (DSC), vegetable waste vermicompost (VV), distillery sludge vermicompost (DSV) (100 g/sq.
ft), and inorganic fertilizers (urea, CF), were added before sowing the seed. A control
with no fertilizer addition is also maintained (C). The experimental layout was a
randomized complete grid, with three replicates of each setup. Results were
subjected to suitable statistical analysis for the calculation of mean, variance, and
standard error by employing Prism software.
5.2.4 Growth Parameters
The numbers of leaves were counted and the average mean values were calculated.
The root length was also measured using scaling. Weight of fresh and dry leaves,
root, and whole plant was also noted.
5.2.5 Sample Preparation
The edible parts of Raphanus sativus L. (50 g) were cut into small pieces (<0.5 cm),
and it was grounded into fine powder after the addition of liquid nitrogen. The
powder was further sieved followed by lyophilization and extraction of the sample
5 Influence of Distillery Sludge-Based Vermicompost on the Nutritional Status of. . .
71