Cerda A, Artola A, Font X, Barrena R, Gea T, Sanchez A (2018) Composting of food wastes: status
and challenges. Bioresour Technol 248:57–67
Chianu J, Chianu J, Mairura (2012) Mineral fertilizers in the farming systems of sub-Saharan
Africa. A review. Agron Sustain Dev 32(2):545–566
Das D, Bhattacharyya P, Ghosh BC, Banik P (2016) Bioconversion and biodynamics of Eisenia
foetida in different organic wastes through microbially enriched vermiconversion technologies.
Ecol Eng 86:154–161
Diacono M, Montemurro F (2010) Long-term effects of organic amendments on soil fertility. A
review. Agron Sustain Dev 30:401–422
Dominguez J, Edwards CA (2011) Relationships between composting and vermicomposting. In:
Edwards CA, Arancon NQ, Sherman RL (eds) Vermiculture technology: earthworms, organic
waste and environmental management. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 1–14
Dominguez J, Aira M, Gomez-Brandon M (2010) Vermicomposting: earthworms enhance the work
of microbes. In: Insam H, Franke-Whittle I, Goberna M (eds) Microbes at work: from wastes to
resources. Springer, New York
Edwards CA, Walker RL, Maskell P, Watson CA, Rees RM, Stockdale EA, Knox OGG (2010)
Improving bioavailability of phosphate rock for organic farming. In: Genetic engineering,
bio-fertilisation, soil quality and organic farming. Springer, Dordrecht
Fan YV, Lee CT, Klemes JJ, Bong CPC, Ho WS (2016) Economic assessment system towards
sustainable composting quality in the developing countries. Clean Techn Environ Policy
18:2479–2491. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-016-1209-9
FAO/WHO (1999) Codex Alimentarius Commission approves guidelines for organic food. http://
www.fao.org/unfao/bodies/coag/coag15/x0075e.htm. Accessed 25 Nov 2019
Ferreras L, Gomez E, Toresani S, Firpo I, Rotondo R (2006) Effect of organic amendments on some
physical, chemical and biological properties in a horticultural soil. Bioresour Technol
97:635–640
Garcia-Sanchez M, Tausnerova H, Hanc A, Tlustos P (2017) Stabilization of different starting
materials through vermicomposting in a continuous-feeding system: changes in chemical and
biological parameters. Waste Manag 62:33–42
Gaskell M, Smith R (2007) Nitrogen sources for organic vegetable crops. HortTechnology 17
(4):431–441
Gomez-Brandon M, Dominguez J (2014) Recycling of solid organic wastes through
vermicomposting: microbial community changes throughout the process and use of
vermicompost as a soil amendment. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 44(12):1289–1312
Gomez E, Ferreras L, Toresani S (2006) Soil bacterial functional diversity as influenced by organic
amendment application. Bioresour Technol 97:1484–1489
Green J (2019) Examples of organic fertilizers. https://homeguides.sfgate.com/examples-organicfertilizers. Accessed 5 Dec 2019
Gutierrez-Miceli FA, Garcia-Gomez RC, Rincon RR, Abud-Archila M, Oliva L, Maria A, Marcos
Joaquin GC, Luc D (2008) Formulation of a liquid fertilizer for sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.)
Moench) using vermicompost leachate. Bioresour Technol 99:6174–6180
Gutierrez-Miceli FA, Maria A, Oliva L, Paula MN, Benigno RS, Alvarez-Solis JD, Luc D (2011)
Optimization of vermicompost and worm-bed leachate for the organic cultivation of radish. J
Plant Nutr 34(11):1642–1653
Hazra G (2016) Different types of eco-friendly fertilizers: an overview. Sustain Environ 1(1):54–70.
ISSN: 2470-637X (Print) and 2470-6388 (Online)
Hemmata A, Aghilinategh N, Rezainejad Y, Sadeghi M (2010) Long-term impacts of municipal
solid waste compost, sewage sludge and farmyard manure application on organic carbon, bulk
density and consistency limits of a calcareous soil in central Iran. Soil Tillage Res 108:43–50
Jeng AS, Haraldsen TK, Grønlund A, Pedersen PA (2006) Meat and bone meal as nitrogen and
phosphorus fertilizer to cereals and rye grass. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 76:183–191
Karak T, Bhattacharyya P (2011) Human urine as a source of alternative natural fertilizer in
agriculture: a flight of fancy or an achievable reality. Resour Conserv Recycl 55:400–408
18 Some Perspectives on Vermicompost Utilization in Organic Agriculture
327
and challenges. Bioresour Technol 248:57–67
Chianu J, Chianu J, Mairura (2012) Mineral fertilizers in the farming systems of sub-Saharan
Africa. A review. Agron Sustain Dev 32(2):545–566
Das D, Bhattacharyya P, Ghosh BC, Banik P (2016) Bioconversion and biodynamics of Eisenia
foetida in different organic wastes through microbially enriched vermiconversion technologies.
Ecol Eng 86:154–161
Diacono M, Montemurro F (2010) Long-term effects of organic amendments on soil fertility. A
review. Agron Sustain Dev 30:401–422
Dominguez J, Edwards CA (2011) Relationships between composting and vermicomposting. In:
Edwards CA, Arancon NQ, Sherman RL (eds) Vermiculture technology: earthworms, organic
waste and environmental management. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 1–14
Dominguez J, Aira M, Gomez-Brandon M (2010) Vermicomposting: earthworms enhance the work
of microbes. In: Insam H, Franke-Whittle I, Goberna M (eds) Microbes at work: from wastes to
resources. Springer, New York
Edwards CA, Walker RL, Maskell P, Watson CA, Rees RM, Stockdale EA, Knox OGG (2010)
Improving bioavailability of phosphate rock for organic farming. In: Genetic engineering,
bio-fertilisation, soil quality and organic farming. Springer, Dordrecht
Fan YV, Lee CT, Klemes JJ, Bong CPC, Ho WS (2016) Economic assessment system towards
sustainable composting quality in the developing countries. Clean Techn Environ Policy
18:2479–2491. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-016-1209-9
FAO/WHO (1999) Codex Alimentarius Commission approves guidelines for organic food. http://
www.fao.org/unfao/bodies/coag/coag15/x0075e.htm. Accessed 25 Nov 2019
Ferreras L, Gomez E, Toresani S, Firpo I, Rotondo R (2006) Effect of organic amendments on some
physical, chemical and biological properties in a horticultural soil. Bioresour Technol
97:635–640
Garcia-Sanchez M, Tausnerova H, Hanc A, Tlustos P (2017) Stabilization of different starting
materials through vermicomposting in a continuous-feeding system: changes in chemical and
biological parameters. Waste Manag 62:33–42
Gaskell M, Smith R (2007) Nitrogen sources for organic vegetable crops. HortTechnology 17
(4):431–441
Gomez-Brandon M, Dominguez J (2014) Recycling of solid organic wastes through
vermicomposting: microbial community changes throughout the process and use of
vermicompost as a soil amendment. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 44(12):1289–1312
Gomez E, Ferreras L, Toresani S (2006) Soil bacterial functional diversity as influenced by organic
amendment application. Bioresour Technol 97:1484–1489
Green J (2019) Examples of organic fertilizers. https://homeguides.sfgate.com/examples-organicfertilizers. Accessed 5 Dec 2019
Gutierrez-Miceli FA, Garcia-Gomez RC, Rincon RR, Abud-Archila M, Oliva L, Maria A, Marcos
Joaquin GC, Luc D (2008) Formulation of a liquid fertilizer for sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.)
Moench) using vermicompost leachate. Bioresour Technol 99:6174–6180
Gutierrez-Miceli FA, Maria A, Oliva L, Paula MN, Benigno RS, Alvarez-Solis JD, Luc D (2011)
Optimization of vermicompost and worm-bed leachate for the organic cultivation of radish. J
Plant Nutr 34(11):1642–1653
Hazra G (2016) Different types of eco-friendly fertilizers: an overview. Sustain Environ 1(1):54–70.
ISSN: 2470-637X (Print) and 2470-6388 (Online)
Hemmata A, Aghilinategh N, Rezainejad Y, Sadeghi M (2010) Long-term impacts of municipal
solid waste compost, sewage sludge and farmyard manure application on organic carbon, bulk
density and consistency limits of a calcareous soil in central Iran. Soil Tillage Res 108:43–50
Jeng AS, Haraldsen TK, Grønlund A, Pedersen PA (2006) Meat and bone meal as nitrogen and
phosphorus fertilizer to cereals and rye grass. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 76:183–191
Karak T, Bhattacharyya P (2011) Human urine as a source of alternative natural fertilizer in
agriculture: a flight of fancy or an achievable reality. Resour Conserv Recycl 55:400–408
18 Some Perspectives on Vermicompost Utilization in Organic Agriculture
327