the increased heavy metal accumulation in plants. Production of siderophores,
phytohormones, organic acids, and chelators improved the plant growth as well as
phytoremediation efficiency.
References
Abdelkrim S, Jebara SH, Saadani O, Chiboub M, Abid G, Mannai K, Jebara M (2019) Heavy metal
accumulation in Lathyrus sativus growing in contaminated soils and identification of symbiotic
resistant bacteria. Arch Microbiol 201(1):107–121
Abedinzadeh M, Etesami H, Alikhani HA (2019) Characterization of rhizosphere and endophytic
bacteria from roots of maize (Zea mays L.) plant irrigated with wastewater with biotechnological
potential in agriculture. Biotechnol Rep 21:e00305
Abhilash PC, Edrisi SA, Chotte JL (2019) Land restoration for achieving SDG 2: end. Sustain Dev
Goals 33
Abhilash PC, Jamil S, Singh N (2009) Transgenic plants for enhanced biodegradation and
phytoremediation of organic xenobiotics. Biotechnol Adv 27(4):474–488
Abhilash PC, Powell JR, Singh HB, Singh BK (2012) Plant–microbe interactions: novel applications for exploitation in multipurpose remediation technologies. Trends Biotechnol 30
(8):416–420
Akhtar MJ, Ullah S, Ahmad I, Rauf A, Nadeem SM, Khan MY et al (2018) Nickel phytoextraction
through bacterial inoculation in Raphanus sativus. Chemosphere 190:234–242
Akhzari D, Khedmati M, Soleymani AR, Pessarakli M (2016) Growth, survival, protein content,
and phytoremediation potency of various rangeland plant species (Medicago polymorpha L.,
Medicago rigidula L., and Onobrychis sativa L.) grown in vermicompost-containing potting
media. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 47(20):2261–2270
Al Agely A, Sylvia DM, Ma LQ (2005) Mycorrhizae increase arsenic uptake by the
hyperaccumulator Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata L.). J Environ Qual 34(6):2181–2186
Arsenov D, Župunski M, Borišev M, Nikolić N, Pilipovic A, Orlovic S et al (2020) Citric acid as
soil amendment in cadmium removal by Salix viminalis L., alterations on biometric attributes
and photosynthesis. Int J Phytoremediation 22(1):29–39
Arshad M, Javaid A, Manzoor M, Hina K, Ali MA, Ahmed I (2019) Isolation and identification of
chromium-tolerant bacterial strains and their potential to promote plant growth. In: E3S web of
conferences, vol 96. EDP Sciences, Les Ulis, p 01005
Azevedo R, Rodriguez E (2012) Phytotoxicity of mercury in plants: a review. J Bot 2012:848614
Babu AG, Shea PJ, Sudhakar D, Jung IB, Oh BT (2015) Potential use of Pseudomonas koreensis
AGB-1 in association with Miscanthus sinensis to remediate heavy metal(loid)-contaminated
mining site soil. J Environ Manag 151:160–166
Baker AJ (1981) Accumulators and excluders-strategies in the response of plants to heavy metals. J
Plant Nutr 3(1–4):643–654
Bali S, Jamwal VL, Kaur P, Kohli SK, Ohri P, Gandhi SG et al (2019) Role of P-type ATPase metal
transporters and plant immunity induced by jasmonic acid against lead (Pb) toxicity in tomato.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 174:283–294
Bhargava A, Carmona FF, Bhargava M, Srivastava S (2012) Approaches for enhanced
phytoextraction of heavy metals. J Environ Manag 105:103–120
Blondel C, Khelalfa F, Reynaud S, Fauvelle F, Raveton M (2016) Effect of organochlorine
pesticides exposure on the maize root metabolome assessed using high-resolution magicangle spinning 1H NMR spectroscopy. Environ Pollut 214:539–548
Bongoua-Devisme AJ, Akotto OF, Guety T, Kouakou S, Edith AA, Ndoye F, Diouf D (2019)
Enhancement of phytoremediation efficiency of Acacia mangium using earthworms in metalcontaminated soil in Bonoua, Ivory Coast. Afr J Biotechnol 18(27):622–631
14 PGPR and Earthworm-Assisted Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals
239
phytohormones, organic acids, and chelators improved the plant growth as well as
phytoremediation efficiency.
References
Abdelkrim S, Jebara SH, Saadani O, Chiboub M, Abid G, Mannai K, Jebara M (2019) Heavy metal
accumulation in Lathyrus sativus growing in contaminated soils and identification of symbiotic
resistant bacteria. Arch Microbiol 201(1):107–121
Abedinzadeh M, Etesami H, Alikhani HA (2019) Characterization of rhizosphere and endophytic
bacteria from roots of maize (Zea mays L.) plant irrigated with wastewater with biotechnological
potential in agriculture. Biotechnol Rep 21:e00305
Abhilash PC, Edrisi SA, Chotte JL (2019) Land restoration for achieving SDG 2: end. Sustain Dev
Goals 33
Abhilash PC, Jamil S, Singh N (2009) Transgenic plants for enhanced biodegradation and
phytoremediation of organic xenobiotics. Biotechnol Adv 27(4):474–488
Abhilash PC, Powell JR, Singh HB, Singh BK (2012) Plant–microbe interactions: novel applications for exploitation in multipurpose remediation technologies. Trends Biotechnol 30
(8):416–420
Akhtar MJ, Ullah S, Ahmad I, Rauf A, Nadeem SM, Khan MY et al (2018) Nickel phytoextraction
through bacterial inoculation in Raphanus sativus. Chemosphere 190:234–242
Akhzari D, Khedmati M, Soleymani AR, Pessarakli M (2016) Growth, survival, protein content,
and phytoremediation potency of various rangeland plant species (Medicago polymorpha L.,
Medicago rigidula L., and Onobrychis sativa L.) grown in vermicompost-containing potting
media. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 47(20):2261–2270
Al Agely A, Sylvia DM, Ma LQ (2005) Mycorrhizae increase arsenic uptake by the
hyperaccumulator Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata L.). J Environ Qual 34(6):2181–2186
Arsenov D, Župunski M, Borišev M, Nikolić N, Pilipovic A, Orlovic S et al (2020) Citric acid as
soil amendment in cadmium removal by Salix viminalis L., alterations on biometric attributes
and photosynthesis. Int J Phytoremediation 22(1):29–39
Arshad M, Javaid A, Manzoor M, Hina K, Ali MA, Ahmed I (2019) Isolation and identification of
chromium-tolerant bacterial strains and their potential to promote plant growth. In: E3S web of
conferences, vol 96. EDP Sciences, Les Ulis, p 01005
Azevedo R, Rodriguez E (2012) Phytotoxicity of mercury in plants: a review. J Bot 2012:848614
Babu AG, Shea PJ, Sudhakar D, Jung IB, Oh BT (2015) Potential use of Pseudomonas koreensis
AGB-1 in association with Miscanthus sinensis to remediate heavy metal(loid)-contaminated
mining site soil. J Environ Manag 151:160–166
Baker AJ (1981) Accumulators and excluders-strategies in the response of plants to heavy metals. J
Plant Nutr 3(1–4):643–654
Bali S, Jamwal VL, Kaur P, Kohli SK, Ohri P, Gandhi SG et al (2019) Role of P-type ATPase metal
transporters and plant immunity induced by jasmonic acid against lead (Pb) toxicity in tomato.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 174:283–294
Bhargava A, Carmona FF, Bhargava M, Srivastava S (2012) Approaches for enhanced
phytoextraction of heavy metals. J Environ Manag 105:103–120
Blondel C, Khelalfa F, Reynaud S, Fauvelle F, Raveton M (2016) Effect of organochlorine
pesticides exposure on the maize root metabolome assessed using high-resolution magicangle spinning 1H NMR spectroscopy. Environ Pollut 214:539–548
Bongoua-Devisme AJ, Akotto OF, Guety T, Kouakou S, Edith AA, Ndoye F, Diouf D (2019)
Enhancement of phytoremediation efficiency of Acacia mangium using earthworms in metalcontaminated soil in Bonoua, Ivory Coast. Afr J Biotechnol 18(27):622–631
14 PGPR and Earthworm-Assisted Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals
239