11.6 Conclusions
Under Indian conditions, Perionyx excavatus, Perionyx ceylanensis, Eudrilus
eugeniae, Eisenia fetida, Eisenia andrei can be utilized in vermicomposting technology. All these earthworm species possess wide range of tolerance to environmental factors and high growth rate, short life cycle survival in organic wastes.
Lampito mauritii, Polypheretima elongata, Drawida nepalensis, etc. can be utilized
in municipal solid waste management, because these species survive well in municipal solid organic waste.
Acknowledgments This study was partly funded by DBT (Sanction Order No. BT/PR24972/
NER/95/932/2017), New Delhi.
References
Banik D, Chaudhuri PS (2017) Regeneration ability in seventeen top soil and sub soil earthworm
species. J Environ Biol 38(3):393–399
Bhattacharjee G, Chaudhuri PS (2002) Cocoon production, morphology, hatching pattern and
fecundity in seven tropical earthworm species—a laboratory based investigation. J Biosci
27:283–294
Birundha M, John PJA, Mariappan P (2013) Growth and reproduction of Perionyx excavatus in
different organic wastes. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 2(2):28–35
Bouche MB (1972) Lombriciens de France. In: Ecologie et systematique. Annales de Zoologie
Ecologie Animale 72, Institut national de la recherche agronomique, pp 1–671
Chaudhuri PS, Bhattacharjee G (2001) Changes in the level of nutrients during processing of
municipal sewage sludge by earthworms (Polypheretima elongata and Eutyphoeus gammiei).
Proc Zool Soc 54(2):81–83
Chaudhuri PS, Bhattacharjee G (2002) Capacity of various experimental diets to support biomass
and reproduction of Perionyx excavatus. Bioresour Technol 82:147–150
Chaudhuri PS, Pal TK, Bhattacharjee G, Dey SK (2003) Rubber leaf litters (Hevea brasiliensis var
RRM 600) as vermiculture substrate for epigeic earthworm, Perionyx excavatus, Eudrilus
eugeniae and Eisenia fetida. Pedobiologia 47:796–800
Chaudhuri PS, Bhattacharjee S, Dey A, Chattopadhyay S, Bhattacharya D (2013) Impact of age of
rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) plantation on earthworm communities of West Tripura (India). J
Environ Biol 34:59–65
Chaudhuri PS, Debnath S (2020) Physico-chemical changes during vermicomposting of a terrestrial weed, Mikania micrantha and leaf litters of Acacia auriculiformis and Bambusa
polymorpha mixed with cowdung. J Environ Biol 41(2):178–185
Darwin C (1881) The formation of vegetable moulds through the action of worms, with observations of their habits. Murray, London
Dash MC (2012) Charles Darwin’s plough: tools for vermitechnology. IK International Publishing
House, New Delhi
Debnath S, Chaudhuri P (2019) Earthworm communities in the waste deposit sites (Cowdung heaps
and municipal solid wastes) of West Tripura, India. Int J Ecol Environ Sci 45(1):1–14
Domínguez J, Edwards CA (1997) Effects of stocking rate and moisture content on the growth and
maturation of Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta) in pig manure. Soil Biol and Biochem 29
(3-4):743–746
11 Growth and Reproductive Biology of Earthworms in Organic Waste Breakdown. . .
191
Under Indian conditions, Perionyx excavatus, Perionyx ceylanensis, Eudrilus
eugeniae, Eisenia fetida, Eisenia andrei can be utilized in vermicomposting technology. All these earthworm species possess wide range of tolerance to environmental factors and high growth rate, short life cycle survival in organic wastes.
Lampito mauritii, Polypheretima elongata, Drawida nepalensis, etc. can be utilized
in municipal solid waste management, because these species survive well in municipal solid organic waste.
Acknowledgments This study was partly funded by DBT (Sanction Order No. BT/PR24972/
NER/95/932/2017), New Delhi.
References
Banik D, Chaudhuri PS (2017) Regeneration ability in seventeen top soil and sub soil earthworm
species. J Environ Biol 38(3):393–399
Bhattacharjee G, Chaudhuri PS (2002) Cocoon production, morphology, hatching pattern and
fecundity in seven tropical earthworm species—a laboratory based investigation. J Biosci
27:283–294
Birundha M, John PJA, Mariappan P (2013) Growth and reproduction of Perionyx excavatus in
different organic wastes. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 2(2):28–35
Bouche MB (1972) Lombriciens de France. In: Ecologie et systematique. Annales de Zoologie
Ecologie Animale 72, Institut national de la recherche agronomique, pp 1–671
Chaudhuri PS, Bhattacharjee G (2001) Changes in the level of nutrients during processing of
municipal sewage sludge by earthworms (Polypheretima elongata and Eutyphoeus gammiei).
Proc Zool Soc 54(2):81–83
Chaudhuri PS, Bhattacharjee G (2002) Capacity of various experimental diets to support biomass
and reproduction of Perionyx excavatus. Bioresour Technol 82:147–150
Chaudhuri PS, Pal TK, Bhattacharjee G, Dey SK (2003) Rubber leaf litters (Hevea brasiliensis var
RRM 600) as vermiculture substrate for epigeic earthworm, Perionyx excavatus, Eudrilus
eugeniae and Eisenia fetida. Pedobiologia 47:796–800
Chaudhuri PS, Bhattacharjee S, Dey A, Chattopadhyay S, Bhattacharya D (2013) Impact of age of
rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) plantation on earthworm communities of West Tripura (India). J
Environ Biol 34:59–65
Chaudhuri PS, Debnath S (2020) Physico-chemical changes during vermicomposting of a terrestrial weed, Mikania micrantha and leaf litters of Acacia auriculiformis and Bambusa
polymorpha mixed with cowdung. J Environ Biol 41(2):178–185
Darwin C (1881) The formation of vegetable moulds through the action of worms, with observations of their habits. Murray, London
Dash MC (2012) Charles Darwin’s plough: tools for vermitechnology. IK International Publishing
House, New Delhi
Debnath S, Chaudhuri P (2019) Earthworm communities in the waste deposit sites (Cowdung heaps
and municipal solid wastes) of West Tripura, India. Int J Ecol Environ Sci 45(1):1–14
Domínguez J, Edwards CA (1997) Effects of stocking rate and moisture content on the growth and
maturation of Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta) in pig manure. Soil Biol and Biochem 29
(3-4):743–746
11 Growth and Reproductive Biology of Earthworms in Organic Waste Breakdown. . .
191