571
2013) was used to provide Atlantis with oil concentrations based on Lagrangian
particle trajectories. Ainsworth et al. (2018) applied an uptake-depuration model to
differentiate rates of uptake among benthic and pelagic fish and estimate bioavailability. Impacts on mortality and growth rates were estimated at 1° spatial resolution
using dose-response relationships (Dornberger et al. 2016) and averaged to the scale
of Atlantis polygons. Recruitment impacts were based on Chancellor (2015).
Fisheries in Atlantis are represented by 14 fishing fleet types with species and
age class selectivity across ocean depths and habitats (Ainsworth et al. 2015). There
are roughly 60 fishing closures in the model representing “status quo” seasonal
management and conservation closures as present in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010. In
addition, emergency closures related to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill were
updated on a daily basis from April 20, 2010 to April 19, 2011 as reported by the
National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI 2016).
33.4 Catch
33.4.1 Commercial Fishing
Changes in fisheries yield in the oil spill simulations are assumed to represent
changes in the abundance and availability of target species to fishing fleets. We did
not consider a redistribution of fishing effort or any other types of adaptive behavioral response by fishermen such as changing target species/ages or investment in
gear types. Estimated total commercial catch from two scenarios (a no oil spill
scenario and an oil spill scenario) run through the Atlantis model was used to calculate the change in total commercial catch (metric tons) by year and by species
between the two scenarios.
Data from the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) on volume and value
of commercial catch by species for the period 2009–2016 were used to estimate the
average value ($/metric ton) (NOAA-NMFS 2009–2016). Forty-one species modeled within Atlantis were aggregated into 22 species groups to create a concordance
between Atlantis species and NMFS species, as shown in Table 33.1. Species group
average values were used to estimate the change in value associated with the change
in commercial catch.
33.4.2 Recreational Fishing
The Atlantis model was used to calculate the change in total recreational catch (metric
tons) by species, by year. As with commercial fishing, the change in total catch was
calculated as the difference between the no oil scenario and the oil scenario. Data
from the Marine Recreational Information Program (MRIP) on recreational catch and
recreational fishing expenditures for the period 2011–2016 were used to estimate the
average expenditure per catch ($1000/metric ton) by state and the change in total
33 Effects of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill on Human Communities: Catch…
2013) was used to provide Atlantis with oil concentrations based on Lagrangian
particle trajectories. Ainsworth et al. (2018) applied an uptake-depuration model to
differentiate rates of uptake among benthic and pelagic fish and estimate bioavailability. Impacts on mortality and growth rates were estimated at 1° spatial resolution
using dose-response relationships (Dornberger et al. 2016) and averaged to the scale
of Atlantis polygons. Recruitment impacts were based on Chancellor (2015).
Fisheries in Atlantis are represented by 14 fishing fleet types with species and
age class selectivity across ocean depths and habitats (Ainsworth et al. 2015). There
are roughly 60 fishing closures in the model representing “status quo” seasonal
management and conservation closures as present in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010. In
addition, emergency closures related to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill were
updated on a daily basis from April 20, 2010 to April 19, 2011 as reported by the
National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI 2016).
33.4 Catch
33.4.1 Commercial Fishing
Changes in fisheries yield in the oil spill simulations are assumed to represent
changes in the abundance and availability of target species to fishing fleets. We did
not consider a redistribution of fishing effort or any other types of adaptive behavioral response by fishermen such as changing target species/ages or investment in
gear types. Estimated total commercial catch from two scenarios (a no oil spill
scenario and an oil spill scenario) run through the Atlantis model was used to calculate the change in total commercial catch (metric tons) by year and by species
between the two scenarios.
Data from the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) on volume and value
of commercial catch by species for the period 2009–2016 were used to estimate the
average value ($/metric ton) (NOAA-NMFS 2009–2016). Forty-one species modeled within Atlantis were aggregated into 22 species groups to create a concordance
between Atlantis species and NMFS species, as shown in Table 33.1. Species group
average values were used to estimate the change in value associated with the change
in commercial catch.
33.4.2 Recreational Fishing
The Atlantis model was used to calculate the change in total recreational catch (metric
tons) by species, by year. As with commercial fishing, the change in total catch was
calculated as the difference between the no oil scenario and the oil scenario. Data
from the Marine Recreational Information Program (MRIP) on recreational catch and
recreational fishing expenditures for the period 2011–2016 were used to estimate the
average expenditure per catch ($1000/metric ton) by state and the change in total
33 Effects of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill on Human Communities: Catch…