406
impacts such as decreased larval condition, growth declines, diet changes, habitat
and trophic level shifts, and biomarker and transcriptomic alterations are evident
from recent oil spill toxicological studies. While field-based evaluations of oil spill
impacts are complicated by chronic exposure of organisms to other non-related contaminants and stressors, the effects of point-source release can be elucidated through
the creation or comparison of biomarker reference intervals. In addition, recent
computational developments have furthered the application of transcriptome analysis in non-model species with no sequenced genome, allowing researchers to document changes across thousands of genes at once, which will enhance data obtained
from future health evaluations. The GoM is a unique and dynamic ecosystem that is
highly productive and rich in resources, including both fisheries and the oil and gas
industries. Understanding the interactions and impacts among these resources is
essential for both of these economically vital resources and the entire health of the
GoM ecosystem.
Acknowledgments This research was made possible by a grant from The Gulf of Mexico
Research Initiative through the Center for the Integrated Modeling and Analysis of the Gulf
Ecosystem (C-IMAGE I, II and III). Final data will be publicly available through the Gulf of
Mexico Research Initiative Information & Data Cooperative (GRIIDC) at https://data.gulfresearchinitiative.org. (doi 10.7266/N7PG1PRZ, doi 10.7266/N7T43R3T, doi 10.7266/N7GT5K56,
doi 10.7266/N7G73C4N, doi:10.7266/n7-g27a-x012, doi:10.7266/n7-nmsy-tq94, doi:10.7266/
n7-460y-rz32, 10.7266/n7-5zt3-8c72, 10.7266/n7-t3g7-sk92, 10.7266/n7-qjz0-bt64, 10.7266/
n7-5y5c-9348).
References
Able KW, López-Duarte PC, Fodrie FJ, Jensen OP, Martin CW, Roberts BJ, Valenti J, O’Connor
K, Halbert SC (2015) Fish assemblages in Louisiana salt marshes: effects of the Macondo oil
spill. Estuar Coasts 38:1385–1398. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9890-6
Alkindi AYA, Brown JA, Waring CP, Collins JE (1996) Endocrine, osmoregulatory, respiratory
and haematological parameters in flounder exposed to the water soluble fraction of crude oil.
J Fish Biol 49:1291–1305
Ameur WB, El Megdiche Y, de Lapuente J, Barhoumi B, Trabelsi S, Ennaceur S, Camps L, Serret
J, Ramos-López D, Gonzalez-Linares J, Touil S, Driss MR, Borràs M (2015) Oxidative stress,
genotoxicity and histopathology biomarker responses in Mugil cephalus and Dicentrarchus
labrax gill exposed to persistent pollutants. A field study in the Bizerte Lagoon: Tunisia.
Chemosphere 135:67–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.02.050
Amezcua-Linares F, Amezcua F, Gil-Manrique B (2015) Effects of the Ixtoc I oil spill on fish
assemblages in the Southern Gulf of Mexico. In: Alford JB, Peterson MS, Green CC (eds)
Impacts of oil spill disasters on marine habitats and fisheries in North America. CRC Press,
Boca Raton, pp 209–236
Anonymous (1980) Informe de los trabajos realizados para el control del pozo IXTOC I, el combate, derrame de petróleo y determinación de sus efectos sobre el ambiente marino. Programa
Coordinado de Estudios Ecológicos de la Sonda de Campeche. Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo,
México, D.F.
Arvedlund M, Kavanagh K (2009) The senses and environmental cues used by marine larvae
of fish and decapod crustaceans to find tropical coastal ecosystems. In: Nagelkerken I (ed)
E. L. Pulster et al.
impacts such as decreased larval condition, growth declines, diet changes, habitat
and trophic level shifts, and biomarker and transcriptomic alterations are evident
from recent oil spill toxicological studies. While field-based evaluations of oil spill
impacts are complicated by chronic exposure of organisms to other non-related contaminants and stressors, the effects of point-source release can be elucidated through
the creation or comparison of biomarker reference intervals. In addition, recent
computational developments have furthered the application of transcriptome analysis in non-model species with no sequenced genome, allowing researchers to document changes across thousands of genes at once, which will enhance data obtained
from future health evaluations. The GoM is a unique and dynamic ecosystem that is
highly productive and rich in resources, including both fisheries and the oil and gas
industries. Understanding the interactions and impacts among these resources is
essential for both of these economically vital resources and the entire health of the
GoM ecosystem.
Acknowledgments This research was made possible by a grant from The Gulf of Mexico
Research Initiative through the Center for the Integrated Modeling and Analysis of the Gulf
Ecosystem (C-IMAGE I, II and III). Final data will be publicly available through the Gulf of
Mexico Research Initiative Information & Data Cooperative (GRIIDC) at https://data.gulfresearchinitiative.org. (doi 10.7266/N7PG1PRZ, doi 10.7266/N7T43R3T, doi 10.7266/N7GT5K56,
doi 10.7266/N7G73C4N, doi:10.7266/n7-g27a-x012, doi:10.7266/n7-nmsy-tq94, doi:10.7266/
n7-460y-rz32, 10.7266/n7-5zt3-8c72, 10.7266/n7-t3g7-sk92, 10.7266/n7-qjz0-bt64, 10.7266/
n7-5y5c-9348).
References
Able KW, López-Duarte PC, Fodrie FJ, Jensen OP, Martin CW, Roberts BJ, Valenti J, O’Connor
K, Halbert SC (2015) Fish assemblages in Louisiana salt marshes: effects of the Macondo oil
spill. Estuar Coasts 38:1385–1398. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-014-9890-6
Alkindi AYA, Brown JA, Waring CP, Collins JE (1996) Endocrine, osmoregulatory, respiratory
and haematological parameters in flounder exposed to the water soluble fraction of crude oil.
J Fish Biol 49:1291–1305
Ameur WB, El Megdiche Y, de Lapuente J, Barhoumi B, Trabelsi S, Ennaceur S, Camps L, Serret
J, Ramos-López D, Gonzalez-Linares J, Touil S, Driss MR, Borràs M (2015) Oxidative stress,
genotoxicity and histopathology biomarker responses in Mugil cephalus and Dicentrarchus
labrax gill exposed to persistent pollutants. A field study in the Bizerte Lagoon: Tunisia.
Chemosphere 135:67–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.02.050
Amezcua-Linares F, Amezcua F, Gil-Manrique B (2015) Effects of the Ixtoc I oil spill on fish
assemblages in the Southern Gulf of Mexico. In: Alford JB, Peterson MS, Green CC (eds)
Impacts of oil spill disasters on marine habitats and fisheries in North America. CRC Press,
Boca Raton, pp 209–236
Anonymous (1980) Informe de los trabajos realizados para el control del pozo IXTOC I, el combate, derrame de petróleo y determinación de sus efectos sobre el ambiente marino. Programa
Coordinado de Estudios Ecológicos de la Sonda de Campeche. Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo,
México, D.F.
Arvedlund M, Kavanagh K (2009) The senses and environmental cues used by marine larvae
of fish and decapod crustaceans to find tropical coastal ecosystems. In: Nagelkerken I (ed)
E. L. Pulster et al.