Résumé
Abstract:
This dissertation presents an in-depth study on the state-of-the-art of desalination in
Algeria, focusing on the EL-Marsa desalination plant. The main objective is to assess its
impacts by analyzing the physicochemical characteristics of seawater and the discharge, as
well as modeling the data over a period of more than 6 months.
Samples were collected near the desalination facilities and subjected to detailed
physicochemical analyses. The key parameters studied included salinity, conductivity, pH,
temperature, and others. The results revealed very high levels of salinity, with an average of
55 Practical Salinity Units (PSU), as well as an average conductivity of 87 ms/cm.
Simultaneously, data modeling was conducted to understand the spatiotemporal
variations in salinity and conductivity. This modeling allowed for visualizing the dispersion of
the desalination plant discharges in the marine environment, as well as their potential impact
on coastal ecosystems.
The obtained results emphasize the importance of closely monitoring the environmental
impacts of desalination facilities in Algeria. The high levels of seawater salinity and
conductivity measured indicate a potential harmful effect on marine biodiversity and coastal
ecosystems. Therefore, preventive measures and measures to reduce environmental impacts
must be considered to ensure sustainable operation of desalination facilities in Algeria.
Keywords: desalination, environment, Algeria, physicochemical analysis, modeling, salinity,
conductivity, environmental impacts, coastal ecosystems.