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Different types of floating platforms are semisubmersibles , floating
production units , floating storage and offloading systems.
Construction challenges in offshore projects :
The ocean presents a unique set of environmental conditions , which
dominate the methods ,equipments, support systems,and construction
methods to be employed for the construction and installation of
offshore platforms.
Various factors that influence the construction methods of offshore
projects are : distance from the shore , water depth at which they are
installed , hydrostatic pressure and buoyancy forces , temperature ,
currents , waves , wind and storms , snow , ice , lightening , seismicity
of the installation site.
A variety of modern construction
methods and equipments make
offshore construction challenging and novel .
The availability of construction equipment of higher capacity has , in
turn , played a major role in altering the methods
and systems
employed.
Safety being the primary concern in offshore construction , engineers
must understand the capabilities and limitations of the equipment that
is deployed.
The list of equipment commonly used in construction projects is ;
barges , dredging apparatus , boats , drilling vessels and boats.
(source : advanced marine structures.2015.p : 45 ,48)
Exercise : fill in the blanks with the right words
1- Marine structures
are used for …………………………….in the open
ocean , due to the reduced possibilities
of new fields
in……………………….