60
- Remove the causes for coastal erosion although is the best solution
but laways may not feasible .
- Supply sediments to the affected area
termed as artificial
nourishment .
- Reduce loads by constructing submerged breakwaters in front of
the coast.
- Increase the strength by constructing shore defense structures .
- Vegetation termed as bio-shields.
Coastal protection measures :
General :
Coastal protection is any manmade measure or structure in the vicinity
of the shoreline (between the shoreline and breaker line) to combat
against the forces that bring up
a drastic change in the costal
morphology.
Protection measures can be
broadly classified as hard and soft
measures.
Hard measures :
This refers
to the protection measures that leave behind a
morphological/geological/environmenal/ecological foot print in addition
to the shore protection itself. In other words ,a permanent change is
effected as a result of any structure or measure undertaken to improve
the stability of the shoreline.
1-offshore breakwaters
The main purposes of breakwaters are for the formation of artificial
harbors ,to protect an area inside the
sea against waves,to reduce
dredging at harbor entrance, to serve as quay facility, to guide currents,
to provide tranquility conditions inside the harbor. Offshore detached
breakerwaters are a widely adopted option for protecting the coast
against erosion along
a littoral drift dominated coast and they have
proven to be effective in reducing and absorbing the incident wave
energy.