viii
Figure 10. Operational and embodied energy proportion in the Total Energy Ecological
Footprint of urbanization ..................................................................................................... 79
Figure 11. Ecological footprint of the urbanization sector of Algiers and Tipaza wilayas ....... 79
Figure 12. Land occupation map in the wilaya of Algiers in 2015 .......................................... 81
Figure 13. Land occupation map in the wilaya of Tipaza in 2015 ........................................... 82
Figure 14. Land occupation map in the wilaya of Algiers in 2022 .......................................... 83
Figure 15. Land occupation map in the wilaya of Tipaza in 2022 ........................................... 84
Figure 16. Ecological footprint of the urban waste sector of Algiers and Tipaza wilays ......... 86
Figure 17. Operational and Embodied energy share in the total energy's Ecological Footprint
of the urban waste sector of Algiers and Tipaza (2015) ........................................................ 87
Figure 18. Technical landfill location in the wilaya of Algiers (google earth, 2021) ................ 89
Figure 19. Technical landfill location in the wilaya of Tipaza (google earth, 2021)................. 90
Figure 20. Delimitation map of Tipaza's wilaya fishing zones. ............................................... 93
Figure 21. Delimitation map of Algiers’ wilaya fishing zones. ................................................ 94
Figure 22. Mediterranean countries’ fishing ecological footprint (GFN, 2016). ..................... 96
Figure 23. EF by demand category of Algeria, the wilaya of Algiers and the wilaya of Tipaza.
............................................................................................................................................. 98
Figure 24. Biocapacity by land use categories for Algeria, Algiers and Tipaza. ....................... 99
Figure 25. Basic structure of Ecological Footprint calculations ............................................ 129
Figure 26. Basic structure of Biocapacity calculations ......................................................... 129
Figure 27. GEMIS 4.7 Software Product Window ................................................................ 135
Figure 28. GEMIS 4.7 softaware processes window ............................................................ 136
Figure 29. GEMIS 4.7 Software processes tree Window ...................................................... 136
Figure 30. GEMIS 4.7 Results Window ................................................................................ 137
Figure 31. Process tree of the process delivering natural gas (1MJ) .................................... 141
Figure 32. Process tree for electricity generation (Gaz-CC-DZ-2020) (1MJ). ........................ 142
Figure 34. Municipal solid waste of Tipaza's Municipalities in 2015 .................................... 153
Figure 33. Municipal solid waste of Algiers Municipalities 2015.......................................... 153
LISTE OF EQUATIONS
Equation 1. Ecological deficit equation ................................................................................. 27
Equation 2. Ecological balance and reserve equation ........................................................... 27
Equation 3. Basic equation for the EF calculation ................................................................. 31