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90. Alonso MB, Feo ML, Corcellas C et al (2012) Pyrethroids: a new threat to marine mammals?
Environ Int 47:99–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.010
91. Guida YS, Meire RO, Torres JPM, Malm O (2018) Air contamination by legacy and currentuse pesticides in Brazilian mountains: an overview of national regulations by monitoring
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envpol.2018.06.061
92. Corcellas C, Feo ML, Torres JP et al (2012) Pyrethroids in human breast milk: occurrence and
nursing daily intake estimation. Environ Int 47:17–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2012.
05.007
93. Parente CET, Lestayo J, Guida YS et al (2017) Pyrethroids in chicken eggs from commercial
farms and home production in Rio de Janeiro: estimated daily intake and diastereomeric
selectivity. Chemosphere 184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.109
94. Bradman A, Whitaker D, Quirós L et al (2007) Pesticides and their metabolites in the homes
and urine of farmworker children living in the Salinas Valley, CA. J Expo Sci Environ
Epidemiol 17:331–349. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jes.7500507
174
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in hepatic cell line. Chemosphere 201:840–849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.
03.009
77. Kim J, Park Y, Yoon KS, Clark JM, Park Y (2014) Permethrin alters adipogenesis in 3T3-L1
adipocytes and causes insulin resistance in C2C12 myotubes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol
28:418–424. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.21580
78. Xiao X, Qi W, Clark JM, Park Y (2017) Permethrin potentiates adipogenesis via intracellular
calcium and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated mechanisms in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Food
Chem Toxicol 109:123–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.049
79. Xiao X, Clark JM, Park Y (2017) Potential contribution of insecticide exposure and development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Food Chem Toxicol 105:456–474. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.fct.2017.05.003
80. Liu W, Qin S, Gan J (2005) Chiral stability of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides. J Agric Food
Chem 53:3814–3820. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf048425i
81. Katagi T (2012) Isomerization of chiral pesticides in the environment. J Pestic Sci 37:1–14.
https://doi.org/10.1584/jpestics.d11-036
82. Qin S, Gan J (2007) Abiotic enantiomerization of permethrin and cypermethrin: effects of
organic solvents. J Agric Food Chem 55:5734–5739. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0708894
83. Nillos MG, Qin S, Larive CK, Schlenk D, Gan J (2009) Epimerization of cypermethrin
stereoisomers in alcohols. J Agric Food Chem 57:6938–6943. https://doi.org/10.1021/
jf900921g
84. You J, Lydy MJ (2007) A solution for isomerization of pyrethroid insecticides in gas
chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1166:181–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2007.
08.014
85. Bidleman TF, Jantunen LM, Harner T et al (1998) Chiral pesticides as tracers of air-surface
exchange. Environ Pollut 102:43–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(98)00062-1
86. Bidleman TF, Jantunen LM, Kurt-Karakus PB, Wong F (2012) Chiral persistent organic
pollutants as tracers of atmospheric sources and fate: review and prospects for investigating
climate change influences. Atmos Pollut Res 3:371–382. https://doi.org/10.5094/apr.2012.043
87. Bidleman TF, Leone AD, Falconer RL, Harner T et al (2002) Chiral pesticides in soil and
water and exchange with the atmosphere. Sci World J 2:357–373. https://doi.org/10.1100/tsw.
2002.109
88. Bidleman TF (1988) Atmospheric processes. Environ Sci Technol 22:361–367. https://doi.
org/10.1021/es00169a002
89. Ma J, Hung H, Tian C, Kallenborn R (2011) Revolatilization of persistent organic pollutants in
the Arctic induced by climate change. Nat Clim Chang 1:255–260. https://doi.org/10.1038/
nclimate1167
90. Alonso MB, Feo ML, Corcellas C et al (2012) Pyrethroids: a new threat to marine mammals?
Environ Int 47:99–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2012.06.010
91. Guida YS, Meire RO, Torres JPM, Malm O (2018) Air contamination by legacy and currentuse pesticides in Brazilian mountains: an overview of national regulations by monitoring
pollutant presence in pristine areas. Environ Pollut 242:19–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
envpol.2018.06.061
92. Corcellas C, Feo ML, Torres JP et al (2012) Pyrethroids in human breast milk: occurrence and
nursing daily intake estimation. Environ Int 47:17–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2012.
05.007
93. Parente CET, Lestayo J, Guida YS et al (2017) Pyrethroids in chicken eggs from commercial
farms and home production in Rio de Janeiro: estimated daily intake and diastereomeric
selectivity. Chemosphere 184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.109
94. Bradman A, Whitaker D, Quirós L et al (2007) Pesticides and their metabolites in the homes
and urine of farmworker children living in the Salinas Valley, CA. J Expo Sci Environ
Epidemiol 17:331–349. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jes.7500507
174
C. E. T. Parente et al.