Determinants of cohesion and texture – 217
be able to rework some of its major deficiencies into a better unified
whole. (This is one reason for leaving sufficient time for revision.)
The main things you need to attend to in this revision are these:
sentence adverbials, referring expressions, coordinating structures
and vocabulary.
1.1
Sentence adverbials (linking terms)
Signal to yourself and your reader where you are going and what
you are doing. Most of the signals you need to send have been covered in chapters 3, 5 and 8. The basic sets of signals are the sentence
adverbials and other linking terms (e.g. firstly, furthermore, in particular, consequently, in other words, alternatively, in comparison,
by contrast, similarly, admittedly, certainly, to digress, to recapitulate, to resume). These are the terms in which you point out just
how you are extending, elaborating, enhancing or analysing your
material and structuring your own text. About these we shall say no
more.
1.2
Referring expressions
Referring expressions are used to help clarify what goes with what in
your text. A subject or participant introduced at one point in the text
becomes the fulcrum on which both earlier and later references to it
will turn. Referring expressions include:
r the definite article ‘the’;
r the pronouns ‘it’, ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘they’, ‘him’, ‘her’, ‘them’;
r the demonstratives ‘this’, ‘that’, ‘these’, ‘those’;
r the quantifiers ‘some’, ‘many’, ‘much’, ‘all’, ‘none’, ‘each’,
‘any’, etc.;
r other terms: ‘such’, ‘so’, ‘the very . . . ’, ‘the same . . . ’,
‘previously’, ‘the former’, ‘the latter’ (note the double ‘t’ in
the spelling of this word), ‘here’ and (at a more distant
remove in your text) ‘there’, ‘earlier’ and ‘above’.
be able to rework some of its major deficiencies into a better unified
whole. (This is one reason for leaving sufficient time for revision.)
The main things you need to attend to in this revision are these:
sentence adverbials, referring expressions, coordinating structures
and vocabulary.
1.1
Sentence adverbials (linking terms)
Signal to yourself and your reader where you are going and what
you are doing. Most of the signals you need to send have been covered in chapters 3, 5 and 8. The basic sets of signals are the sentence
adverbials and other linking terms (e.g. firstly, furthermore, in particular, consequently, in other words, alternatively, in comparison,
by contrast, similarly, admittedly, certainly, to digress, to recapitulate, to resume). These are the terms in which you point out just
how you are extending, elaborating, enhancing or analysing your
material and structuring your own text. About these we shall say no
more.
1.2
Referring expressions
Referring expressions are used to help clarify what goes with what in
your text. A subject or participant introduced at one point in the text
becomes the fulcrum on which both earlier and later references to it
will turn. Referring expressions include:
r the definite article ‘the’;
r the pronouns ‘it’, ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘they’, ‘him’, ‘her’, ‘them’;
r the demonstratives ‘this’, ‘that’, ‘these’, ‘those’;
r the quantifiers ‘some’, ‘many’, ‘much’, ‘all’, ‘none’, ‘each’,
‘any’, etc.;
r other terms: ‘such’, ‘so’, ‘the very . . . ’, ‘the same . . . ’,
‘previously’, ‘the former’, ‘the latter’ (note the double ‘t’ in
the spelling of this word), ‘here’ and (at a more distant
remove in your text) ‘there’, ‘earlier’ and ‘above’.