490
A. Soliman and A. M. Safwat
3.2.2 Pathological Phenomena Associated with Heat Stress
Ascites
Ascites is a symptom of metabolic disorder due to several factors affecting the environment, temperature, carbon dioxide/oxygen ratio, rapid growth rates, high energy
content, and high basal metabolic rate. As a result, a combination of lymphatic liquids and blood plasma that leaks from the liver accumulates in the body cavity, often
leading to death. The symptoms of ascites are associated with an abnormal increase
in blood pressure between the heart and lungs, leading to the failure of the right
ventricle and increase blood pressure in the veins, and the great acceleration in the
production of fluids from the liver that seeps into the body cavity. The symptoms
appear on the birds in the form of inactivity and laziness and difficulty breathing,
Skin and congestion, decreased growth and fill the abdomen with liquids.
The incidence of ascites has increased throughout the world over the past years.
This increase coincides with continuous improvements in the genetic structure and
nutritional efficiency of the herds, which caused the presence of strains with a rapid
growth rate and food efficiency. Broiler led to a high rate of metabolism and increase
in the size of the breast muscles, which did not develop with the internal organs as
much as the heart and lungs and increased pressure to meet the needs of the body
of chicken overload of blood feeding, unable to provide enough oxygen to maintain
these high rates. The number of lighting hours can also be reduced to 18 h/day,
which reduces the volume of cellular blood components and reduces the level of T3
hormone, which reduces the mortality rate resulting.
Pendulous Crop
Birds are under the conditions of thermal stress for long periods and in the presence
of some genetic factors responsible for this phenomenon, begin to eat large amounts
of feed over consuming when the moderate temperature and then drink large amounts
of water with high temperature, which leads to fill the bulk of these quantities and
cannot easily discharged. The muscles of the compass relax and lie in the shape of
a bag filled with the front of the breast. This helps the weakness of elastin fibers
forming the membrane of the compass of heat stress [12].
It should be noted that this phenomenon is more common in the strains of broiler
chickens and turkeys especially heavy ones, and there are some administrative practices in the farm or food additives that help to the emergence of this phenomenon.
Such as bird staging for long periods during the hot weather, containment of the
feed on chemicals or disinfectants mycosis is caused by a secondary infection in the
membranes and muscles, leading to weakness, and injury to the fungal contaminants
or internal worms.
A. Soliman and A. M. Safwat
3.2.2 Pathological Phenomena Associated with Heat Stress
Ascites
Ascites is a symptom of metabolic disorder due to several factors affecting the environment, temperature, carbon dioxide/oxygen ratio, rapid growth rates, high energy
content, and high basal metabolic rate. As a result, a combination of lymphatic liquids and blood plasma that leaks from the liver accumulates in the body cavity, often
leading to death. The symptoms of ascites are associated with an abnormal increase
in blood pressure between the heart and lungs, leading to the failure of the right
ventricle and increase blood pressure in the veins, and the great acceleration in the
production of fluids from the liver that seeps into the body cavity. The symptoms
appear on the birds in the form of inactivity and laziness and difficulty breathing,
Skin and congestion, decreased growth and fill the abdomen with liquids.
The incidence of ascites has increased throughout the world over the past years.
This increase coincides with continuous improvements in the genetic structure and
nutritional efficiency of the herds, which caused the presence of strains with a rapid
growth rate and food efficiency. Broiler led to a high rate of metabolism and increase
in the size of the breast muscles, which did not develop with the internal organs as
much as the heart and lungs and increased pressure to meet the needs of the body
of chicken overload of blood feeding, unable to provide enough oxygen to maintain
these high rates. The number of lighting hours can also be reduced to 18 h/day,
which reduces the volume of cellular blood components and reduces the level of T3
hormone, which reduces the mortality rate resulting.
Pendulous Crop
Birds are under the conditions of thermal stress for long periods and in the presence
of some genetic factors responsible for this phenomenon, begin to eat large amounts
of feed over consuming when the moderate temperature and then drink large amounts
of water with high temperature, which leads to fill the bulk of these quantities and
cannot easily discharged. The muscles of the compass relax and lie in the shape of
a bag filled with the front of the breast. This helps the weakness of elastin fibers
forming the membrane of the compass of heat stress [12].
It should be noted that this phenomenon is more common in the strains of broiler
chickens and turkeys especially heavy ones, and there are some administrative practices in the farm or food additives that help to the emergence of this phenomenon.
Such as bird staging for long periods during the hot weather, containment of the
feed on chemicals or disinfectants mycosis is caused by a secondary infection in the
membranes and muscles, leading to weakness, and injury to the fungal contaminants
or internal worms.