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S. A. Attia-Ismail
3 World Mitigating Experiences and Strategies
3.1 Worldwide Climate Change Agreement
The effect of climate change on feed crop production was investigated in several
climatic areas of the world. Since the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide
in 2005 exceeded the natural range, the (IPCC, https://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessmenteport/ar5/syr/AR5_SYR_FINAL_SPM.pdf) started a campaign to reduce/eliminate
the reasons that cause this increment in carbon dioxide and to reduce global temperature. As a result, in 2015, representatives of 197 nation [19], held a meeting
called Climate Change Convention in Paris. They announced that they have signed
an agreement to: “hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below
2 °C above pre-industrial levels…. recognizing that this would significantly reduce
the risks and impacts of climate change”. The agreement also aimed at the pursuit
of efforts to limit the temperature increase even further to 1.5 °C. They decided to
undertake and communicate ambitious efforts to contribute to the global response to
climate change by strengthening the mobility of countries to deal with the impacts
of climate change. Later on in 2016, only 94 out of the 197 nations have agreed to
enforce the Paris Agreement. The developed country partners assured the goal of the
mobilization of US $100 billion to support climate projects.
3.2 Country Actions
In New Zealand (a country where the economy is based on agriculture and forestry)
Trolove et al. [20] carried out a research program to (identify the major opportunities
that climate change brings to extend the growing season and achieve a step change in
cumulative forage crop yields via radical changes in forage germ plasm and management). They used existing crop models and simulated weather data to predict likely
changes in forage crop production in 2040 and 2090. They grew maize silage (summer season) and wheat (winter season) at six regions to represent weather changes
and summed the biomass to give total annual biomass production. The researchers
concluded that climate change might slightly decline the maize yields in the northern
regions of New Zealand, and increase as it is grown in southern New Zealand. The
predicted warmer winters resulting from climate change would increase the biomass
of wheat by about 13–19% by 2040, and 17–38% by 2090. Generally, they found
that there was little difference in total annual biomass yields for different sowing
dates of maize. The report recommended the use of tropical or late-maturing maize
hybrids to make benefit of the expected extension to the growing season.
In Australia Howden et al. [21] recommended the creation of linkages between
industrial and political. These linkages aim to take measures to adapt to climate
changes in taking into consideration the current governmental policies and initiatives.
S. A. Attia-Ismail
3 World Mitigating Experiences and Strategies
3.1 Worldwide Climate Change Agreement
The effect of climate change on feed crop production was investigated in several
climatic areas of the world. Since the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide
in 2005 exceeded the natural range, the (IPCC, https://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessmenteport/ar5/syr/AR5_SYR_FINAL_SPM.pdf) started a campaign to reduce/eliminate
the reasons that cause this increment in carbon dioxide and to reduce global temperature. As a result, in 2015, representatives of 197 nation [19], held a meeting
called Climate Change Convention in Paris. They announced that they have signed
an agreement to: “hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below
2 °C above pre-industrial levels…. recognizing that this would significantly reduce
the risks and impacts of climate change”. The agreement also aimed at the pursuit
of efforts to limit the temperature increase even further to 1.5 °C. They decided to
undertake and communicate ambitious efforts to contribute to the global response to
climate change by strengthening the mobility of countries to deal with the impacts
of climate change. Later on in 2016, only 94 out of the 197 nations have agreed to
enforce the Paris Agreement. The developed country partners assured the goal of the
mobilization of US $100 billion to support climate projects.
3.2 Country Actions
In New Zealand (a country where the economy is based on agriculture and forestry)
Trolove et al. [20] carried out a research program to (identify the major opportunities
that climate change brings to extend the growing season and achieve a step change in
cumulative forage crop yields via radical changes in forage germ plasm and management). They used existing crop models and simulated weather data to predict likely
changes in forage crop production in 2040 and 2090. They grew maize silage (summer season) and wheat (winter season) at six regions to represent weather changes
and summed the biomass to give total annual biomass production. The researchers
concluded that climate change might slightly decline the maize yields in the northern
regions of New Zealand, and increase as it is grown in southern New Zealand. The
predicted warmer winters resulting from climate change would increase the biomass
of wheat by about 13–19% by 2040, and 17–38% by 2090. Generally, they found
that there was little difference in total annual biomass yields for different sowing
dates of maize. The report recommended the use of tropical or late-maturing maize
hybrids to make benefit of the expected extension to the growing season.
In Australia Howden et al. [21] recommended the creation of linkages between
industrial and political. These linkages aim to take measures to adapt to climate
changes in taking into consideration the current governmental policies and initiatives.