Influence of Climate Changes on Animal Feed Production …
455
Fig. 2 Effect of climate changes on livestock production [6]
energy remains for production, and the efficiency of energy utilization deteriorates.
Although other factors may intervene, the critical temperatures that the animals may
feel comfortable in are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Critical
temperatures for animals [7]
Animal species
Critical temperature
Lower
Higher
Dairy cows
−12/−1 a
24
New born dairy calf
8–10
35
One day old chicken
32
35
Finishing broiler
16
26
One day old turkey
35
38
Finishing turkey
16
26
Laying hens
16
27–29
a −12 °C for Holstein and Brown Swiss, −1 °C for Jersey
455
Fig. 2 Effect of climate changes on livestock production [6]
energy remains for production, and the efficiency of energy utilization deteriorates.
Although other factors may intervene, the critical temperatures that the animals may
feel comfortable in are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Critical
temperatures for animals [7]
Animal species
Critical temperature
Lower
Higher
Dairy cows
−12/−1 a
24
New born dairy calf
8–10
35
One day old chicken
32
35
Finishing broiler
16
26
One day old turkey
35
38
Finishing turkey
16
26
Laying hens
16
27–29
a −12 °C for Holstein and Brown Swiss, −1 °C for Jersey