Potential Climate Change Impacts on Livestock and Food Security …
447
significant proportion of locally and regionally produced feed and more even distribution of animal and feed production and favors a more even balance between farm
animals and poultry production within domestic agriculture.
7 Recommendations
Although the local breeds contain genes and alleles pertinent to their adaptation to
a particular environments and local breeding goals, the local chickens face genetic
erosion which may lead to the loss of valuable genetic variability in specific characteristics. Furthermore, policies to protect the species will need more scientific inputs
on the genetic structure of the species in its native distribution range. Selection and
production of disease and parasite resistant chicken, for an example, will assist to
decrease the dependency on drugs and medication which will reduce chemicals in
animal products and the environment and good animal welfare. Creating of the Egyptian Indigenous Chicken Center “EICC” will be recommended, which will help the
rural community to be able to buy cockerels from superior indigenous strains for
upgrading their stock. Furthermore, it is expected that breeding and multiplication
center of breed stock “EICC” will produce seed stock for different species of birds
that will be distributed to farmers in the villages. This will directly contribute to
improved village poultry production and diversity, resulting in increased animal protein intake among smallholders. The incorporates poultry production within existing
farming systems, then ensure a sustainable contribution to stable food security. The
smallholder will subsequently profit by the combination of various species nutritiously, socially and economically, this will also lead to sustainable conservation,
management, improvement and utilization of indigenous poultry genetic resources
(Fig. 9).
References
1. Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA). http://www.eeaa.gov.eg/. Accessed on 20
Dec 2017
2. Faostat. http://www.fao.org. Accessed on 6 Feb 2018
3. Aly AA (2007) The suggested cropping patterns for desert lands on the context of groundwater
limitation. In: Eleventh international water technology conference, IWTC11. Sharm El-Sheikh,
Egypt
4. El Arabi NE (2012) Management of coastal aquifers and groundwater. The legal and
institutional framework for coastal aquifers in Egypt. UNESCO-IHP-Sub-component 1.1
5. Mittler R, Blumwald E (2010) Genetic engineering for modern agriculture: challenges and
perspectives. Annu Rev Plant Biol 61:443–462
6. Naz N, Hameed M, Ahmed MSA, Ashraf M, Arshad M (2010) Is soil salinity one of the major
determinants of community structure under arid environments? Community Ecol 11:84–90
7. Rosegrant MW, Cai X, Cline SA (2002) World water and food to 2025: dealing with scarcity.
International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC
447
significant proportion of locally and regionally produced feed and more even distribution of animal and feed production and favors a more even balance between farm
animals and poultry production within domestic agriculture.
7 Recommendations
Although the local breeds contain genes and alleles pertinent to their adaptation to
a particular environments and local breeding goals, the local chickens face genetic
erosion which may lead to the loss of valuable genetic variability in specific characteristics. Furthermore, policies to protect the species will need more scientific inputs
on the genetic structure of the species in its native distribution range. Selection and
production of disease and parasite resistant chicken, for an example, will assist to
decrease the dependency on drugs and medication which will reduce chemicals in
animal products and the environment and good animal welfare. Creating of the Egyptian Indigenous Chicken Center “EICC” will be recommended, which will help the
rural community to be able to buy cockerels from superior indigenous strains for
upgrading their stock. Furthermore, it is expected that breeding and multiplication
center of breed stock “EICC” will produce seed stock for different species of birds
that will be distributed to farmers in the villages. This will directly contribute to
improved village poultry production and diversity, resulting in increased animal protein intake among smallholders. The incorporates poultry production within existing
farming systems, then ensure a sustainable contribution to stable food security. The
smallholder will subsequently profit by the combination of various species nutritiously, socially and economically, this will also lead to sustainable conservation,
management, improvement and utilization of indigenous poultry genetic resources
(Fig. 9).
References
1. Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA). http://www.eeaa.gov.eg/. Accessed on 20
Dec 2017
2. Faostat. http://www.fao.org. Accessed on 6 Feb 2018
3. Aly AA (2007) The suggested cropping patterns for desert lands on the context of groundwater
limitation. In: Eleventh international water technology conference, IWTC11. Sharm El-Sheikh,
Egypt
4. El Arabi NE (2012) Management of coastal aquifers and groundwater. The legal and
institutional framework for coastal aquifers in Egypt. UNESCO-IHP-Sub-component 1.1
5. Mittler R, Blumwald E (2010) Genetic engineering for modern agriculture: challenges and
perspectives. Annu Rev Plant Biol 61:443–462
6. Naz N, Hameed M, Ahmed MSA, Ashraf M, Arshad M (2010) Is soil salinity one of the major
determinants of community structure under arid environments? Community Ecol 11:84–90
7. Rosegrant MW, Cai X, Cline SA (2002) World water and food to 2025: dealing with scarcity.
International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC