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E.-S. E. Omran
impact of early planting under climate change for wheat and maize in 2030 and
figured that early planting of both crops resulted in yield losses being reduced. Also,
seasonal length of the cultivated crops is supposed to be decreased caused by climate
change. Khalil et al. [38] reported that wheat season length was reduced by 5 days in
2030, as a result of acceleration in its growing season. Similar results were obtained
by Ouda et al. [39] for maize under climate change in 2030. Table 3 presented the
projected planting and harvest dates as well as its season length for some field, fruit,
and vegetable crops planted in Egypt. It should be noted that it was believed that
the planting date for the fruit crops observed was 5 days earlier. An assumption was
made that sowing date for these crops in 2030 was 5 days earlier than its sowing date
in 2016. Furthermore, the length of the growing season for the selected vegetable
crops in 2030 is expected to be 3–5 days shorter.
Climate change studies [40, 41], predicted a reduction in the productivity of
two major crops in Egypt—wheat and maize—by 15% and 19% respectively by
2050. Losses in crop productivity are mainly attributed to the projected temperature increase, crop-water stress, pests, and disease, as well as the inundation and
salinization.
The results concluded that the productivity of wheat would fall by 9% if the
temperature rises by 2 °C. This crop’s water consumption will increase by 6.2%
compared to the current weather conditions. A 4 °C rise will increase the deficit to
18%. Crop productivity of Maize will fall by 19% by the middle of this century if
temperature increases by 3.5 °C, in comparison with the situation under the current
weather conditions. Accordingly, water consumption will rise by 8%. Productivity
will fall by 11% in comparison with the situation under the current weather conditions. The consumption of water will increase by 16%. If the temperature increases
by 2 °C, the productivity of tomatoes will fall by 14%. Water consumption of the
crop will increase by 4.2–5.7% in comparison with the situation under the current
weather conditions. The drop in productivity will reach 51% if the temperature rises
by 3.5 °C. The outcomes of climate change studies indicate a 24.5% decreases in
productivity and a 2.3% increases in water consumption in the production of sugar
cane. The crop return will drop by 25.6% per unit of water. However, climate change
will have a positive impact on the productivity of cotton. Production will rise by 17%
if the temperature rises by 2 °C. On the one hand, the water consumption of this crop
will increase by 4.1–5.2% in comparison with the situation under the current weather
conditions. If the temperature rises by 4 °C, production will increase by 31%. On the
other hand, under the current weather conditions, water consumption will increase
by 10% compared to the situation.
E.-S. E. Omran
impact of early planting under climate change for wheat and maize in 2030 and
figured that early planting of both crops resulted in yield losses being reduced. Also,
seasonal length of the cultivated crops is supposed to be decreased caused by climate
change. Khalil et al. [38] reported that wheat season length was reduced by 5 days in
2030, as a result of acceleration in its growing season. Similar results were obtained
by Ouda et al. [39] for maize under climate change in 2030. Table 3 presented the
projected planting and harvest dates as well as its season length for some field, fruit,
and vegetable crops planted in Egypt. It should be noted that it was believed that
the planting date for the fruit crops observed was 5 days earlier. An assumption was
made that sowing date for these crops in 2030 was 5 days earlier than its sowing date
in 2016. Furthermore, the length of the growing season for the selected vegetable
crops in 2030 is expected to be 3–5 days shorter.
Climate change studies [40, 41], predicted a reduction in the productivity of
two major crops in Egypt—wheat and maize—by 15% and 19% respectively by
2050. Losses in crop productivity are mainly attributed to the projected temperature increase, crop-water stress, pests, and disease, as well as the inundation and
salinization.
The results concluded that the productivity of wheat would fall by 9% if the
temperature rises by 2 °C. This crop’s water consumption will increase by 6.2%
compared to the current weather conditions. A 4 °C rise will increase the deficit to
18%. Crop productivity of Maize will fall by 19% by the middle of this century if
temperature increases by 3.5 °C, in comparison with the situation under the current
weather conditions. Accordingly, water consumption will rise by 8%. Productivity
will fall by 11% in comparison with the situation under the current weather conditions. The consumption of water will increase by 16%. If the temperature increases
by 2 °C, the productivity of tomatoes will fall by 14%. Water consumption of the
crop will increase by 4.2–5.7% in comparison with the situation under the current
weather conditions. The drop in productivity will reach 51% if the temperature rises
by 3.5 °C. The outcomes of climate change studies indicate a 24.5% decreases in
productivity and a 2.3% increases in water consumption in the production of sugar
cane. The crop return will drop by 25.6% per unit of water. However, climate change
will have a positive impact on the productivity of cotton. Production will rise by 17%
if the temperature rises by 2 °C. On the one hand, the water consumption of this crop
will increase by 4.1–5.2% in comparison with the situation under the current weather
conditions. If the temperature rises by 4 °C, production will increase by 31%. On the
other hand, under the current weather conditions, water consumption will increase
by 10% compared to the situation.