256
E.-S. E. Omran
about the specific crop types that are likely to occur. Using moderate to coarse timeseries vegetation index such as MODIS NDVI, it is possible to predict phenological
timing like those of start of season (SOS) and end of season (EOS) per pixel and for
all vegetation areas [31]. Whitcraft et al. [32] utilizing MODIS surface reflectance
imagery, the timing of the agricultural season for all major crops within a given geographical area has been derived, delivering the earliest crop cycle SOS and the latest
crop cycle EOS.
Land surface phenology used in the Anomaly hot Spots of Agricultural Production
(ASAP) system is defined by the satellite-derived phenology computed on the longterm average of 10-day MODIS NDVI data produced by land surface phenology
process is determined by satellite-derived phenology calculated on the long-term
average of 10-day MODIS NDVI data generated by BOKU University [33] starting
from to MOD13A2 and MYD13A2 V006 16-day Global data at 1 km resolution.
Phenology was extracted and applied to the historical average of the smoothed NDVI.
From the phenological analysis, the following key parameters are retrieved for
each land pixel [34]: number of growing season per year (i.e. one or two); start
of season (SOS, occurring at the time at which NDVI grows above the 25% the
ascending amplitude of the seasonal profile); time of maximum NDVI (TOM); start of
senescence period (SEN, when NDVI drops below 75% of the descending amplitude);
and end of the season (EOS, when NDVI drops below 35%). Phenology of the surface
(Table 2) used in the system is defined by the satellite-derived phenology computed
on the long-term average of 10-day MODIS NDVI data [33]. The data set of crop
calendars was consistent with terrestrial surface phenology originating from remote
sensing.
The following data (expressed in dekads) were obtained after the processing of
the initial data, namely digitization for crop calendars and cluster extraction from
LSP: (i) the range for sowing and harvesting period for major food crops from the
calendars, and (ii) the range for SOS and EOS for each identified cluster.
Utilizing moderate to coarse time-series vegetation index like MODIS NDVI, it
is possible to estimate phenological timing including start of season (SOS) and end
of season (EOS) per pixel and for all vegetation areas.
We have information on standard seeding and harvesting periods in crop calendars.
Five crops in the FAO crop calendar were acknowledged that could suit the measured
cluster (Table 2). Three of them have the same seasonal characteristics (i.e., millet,
maize, and rice), meaning sowing between 11 and 12 dekad and harvesting between
23 and 29 dekad.
Agricultural statistics were particularly vital at this stage of the analysis, as the
knowledge of the area harvested, as well as the quantity produced for each crop, was
used to verify the presence of a crop type. FAOSTAT data, confirm that these crop
types are present.
Two main growing seasons for Egypt are identified in LSP with this information
at hand (Table 2). The growing seasons in LSP have been compared with the FAO
calendar and assessed in line with the timing of the growing season of five FAO crops
(Table 2).
E.-S. E. Omran
about the specific crop types that are likely to occur. Using moderate to coarse timeseries vegetation index such as MODIS NDVI, it is possible to predict phenological
timing like those of start of season (SOS) and end of season (EOS) per pixel and for
all vegetation areas [31]. Whitcraft et al. [32] utilizing MODIS surface reflectance
imagery, the timing of the agricultural season for all major crops within a given geographical area has been derived, delivering the earliest crop cycle SOS and the latest
crop cycle EOS.
Land surface phenology used in the Anomaly hot Spots of Agricultural Production
(ASAP) system is defined by the satellite-derived phenology computed on the longterm average of 10-day MODIS NDVI data produced by land surface phenology
process is determined by satellite-derived phenology calculated on the long-term
average of 10-day MODIS NDVI data generated by BOKU University [33] starting
from to MOD13A2 and MYD13A2 V006 16-day Global data at 1 km resolution.
Phenology was extracted and applied to the historical average of the smoothed NDVI.
From the phenological analysis, the following key parameters are retrieved for
each land pixel [34]: number of growing season per year (i.e. one or two); start
of season (SOS, occurring at the time at which NDVI grows above the 25% the
ascending amplitude of the seasonal profile); time of maximum NDVI (TOM); start of
senescence period (SEN, when NDVI drops below 75% of the descending amplitude);
and end of the season (EOS, when NDVI drops below 35%). Phenology of the surface
(Table 2) used in the system is defined by the satellite-derived phenology computed
on the long-term average of 10-day MODIS NDVI data [33]. The data set of crop
calendars was consistent with terrestrial surface phenology originating from remote
sensing.
The following data (expressed in dekads) were obtained after the processing of
the initial data, namely digitization for crop calendars and cluster extraction from
LSP: (i) the range for sowing and harvesting period for major food crops from the
calendars, and (ii) the range for SOS and EOS for each identified cluster.
Utilizing moderate to coarse time-series vegetation index like MODIS NDVI, it
is possible to estimate phenological timing including start of season (SOS) and end
of season (EOS) per pixel and for all vegetation areas.
We have information on standard seeding and harvesting periods in crop calendars.
Five crops in the FAO crop calendar were acknowledged that could suit the measured
cluster (Table 2). Three of them have the same seasonal characteristics (i.e., millet,
maize, and rice), meaning sowing between 11 and 12 dekad and harvesting between
23 and 29 dekad.
Agricultural statistics were particularly vital at this stage of the analysis, as the
knowledge of the area harvested, as well as the quantity produced for each crop, was
used to verify the presence of a crop type. FAOSTAT data, confirm that these crop
types are present.
Two main growing seasons for Egypt are identified in LSP with this information
at hand (Table 2). The growing seasons in LSP have been compared with the FAO
calendar and assessed in line with the timing of the growing season of five FAO crops
(Table 2).