Overview of Non-steroidal
Anti-inflammatory Drugs as Emerging
Contaminants
Alejandro Mejía-García, Hariz Islas-Flores, Leobardo Manuel GómezOliván, Nely SanJuan-Reyes, José Mario Ortega-Olvera,
and María Dolores Hernández-Navarro
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
2 Occurrence of NSAIDs in Water Bodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3 Toxic Effects of NSAIDs in Aquatic Organisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Abstract Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most
used pharmaceuticals in the human and veterinary medicine, and it has been
demonstrated that their widespread consumption all over the world has led to their
ubiquitous occurrence in water environment. Nowadays, there exist strong evidence
about the presence of different NSAIDs, such as diclofenac, naproxen, ketorolac,
ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and salicylic acid, among others, which are found in concentrations in the range of ng/L to mg/L on different water bodies. Besides, the
toxicological effects that NSAIDs cause in aquatic organisms have been evaluated
by working groups all over the world. Thus, the aim of this review is to provide a
detailed overview about the presence of NSAIDs in aquatic environmental, in
particular to summarizing the main toxicological effects on living organisms and
occurrence in water bodies that has been documented.
Keywords Apoptosis, Bioaccumulation, Biomagnification, Genotoxicity
ecotoxicological, Trophic chains
A. Mejía-García (*), H. Islas-Flores, L. M. Gómez-Oliván, N. SanJuan-Reyes, J. M. OrtegaOlvera, and M. D. Hernández-Navarro
Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del
Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
e-mail: mejiagarciaa@gmail.com
Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván (ed.), Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
in Water: Emerging Contaminants and Ecological Impact,
Hdb Env Chem (2020) 96: 41–54, DOI 10.1007/698_2020_541,
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020, Published online: 22 June 2020
41
Anti-inflammatory Drugs as Emerging
Contaminants
Alejandro Mejía-García, Hariz Islas-Flores, Leobardo Manuel GómezOliván, Nely SanJuan-Reyes, José Mario Ortega-Olvera,
and María Dolores Hernández-Navarro
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
2 Occurrence of NSAIDs in Water Bodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3 Toxic Effects of NSAIDs in Aquatic Organisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Abstract Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most
used pharmaceuticals in the human and veterinary medicine, and it has been
demonstrated that their widespread consumption all over the world has led to their
ubiquitous occurrence in water environment. Nowadays, there exist strong evidence
about the presence of different NSAIDs, such as diclofenac, naproxen, ketorolac,
ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and salicylic acid, among others, which are found in concentrations in the range of ng/L to mg/L on different water bodies. Besides, the
toxicological effects that NSAIDs cause in aquatic organisms have been evaluated
by working groups all over the world. Thus, the aim of this review is to provide a
detailed overview about the presence of NSAIDs in aquatic environmental, in
particular to summarizing the main toxicological effects on living organisms and
occurrence in water bodies that has been documented.
Keywords Apoptosis, Bioaccumulation, Biomagnification, Genotoxicity
ecotoxicological, Trophic chains
A. Mejía-García (*), H. Islas-Flores, L. M. Gómez-Oliván, N. SanJuan-Reyes, J. M. OrtegaOlvera, and M. D. Hernández-Navarro
Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del
Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
e-mail: mejiagarciaa@gmail.com
Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván (ed.), Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
in Water: Emerging Contaminants and Ecological Impact,
Hdb Env Chem (2020) 96: 41–54, DOI 10.1007/698_2020_541,
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020, Published online: 22 June 2020
41