Use of Membrane for Removal
of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Rosa María Gómez-Espinosa and Daniel Arizmendi-Cotero
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
2 Consumption and Presence of NSAIDs in Wastewater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
3 Mechanisms of Elimination of NSAIDs and Influence Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
4 Filtration Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
5 Emulsion Liquid Membrane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
6 Membrane Bioreactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
7 Hollow Fiber Membrane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
8 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Abstract Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) belong to most used
pharmaceuticals in human and veterinary medicine, the emerge of drugs in the
environment is a concern subject. The contamination is due to the consumption
and the excretion of large quantities of pharmaceuticals via urine and feces in
wastewaters. In this chapter, the reader will have an overview of the use of different
types of membranes and their combined method in the removal of NSAIDs and
demonstration that the use of membrane could be an environment-friendly methodology that enhances its efficiency in the removal of these compounds.
Keywords Membrane bioreactor, Nanofiltration, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs, Reverse osmosis, Ultrafiltration
R. M. Gómez-Espinosa (*)
Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Toluca, Estado de
México, Mexico
e-mail: rmgomeze@uaemex.mx; rosamarigo@gmail.com
D. Arizmendi-Cotero
Universidad Tecnológica del Valle de Toluca, Unidad Académica Capulhuac, Capulhuac de
Mirafuentes, Mexico
Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván (ed.), Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
in Water: Emerging Contaminants and Ecological Impact,
Hdb Env Chem (2020) 96: 261–276, DOI 10.1007/698_2020_552,
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020, Published online: 8 July 2020
261
of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Rosa María Gómez-Espinosa and Daniel Arizmendi-Cotero
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
2 Consumption and Presence of NSAIDs in Wastewater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
3 Mechanisms of Elimination of NSAIDs and Influence Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
4 Filtration Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
5 Emulsion Liquid Membrane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
6 Membrane Bioreactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
7 Hollow Fiber Membrane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
8 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Abstract Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) belong to most used
pharmaceuticals in human and veterinary medicine, the emerge of drugs in the
environment is a concern subject. The contamination is due to the consumption
and the excretion of large quantities of pharmaceuticals via urine and feces in
wastewaters. In this chapter, the reader will have an overview of the use of different
types of membranes and their combined method in the removal of NSAIDs and
demonstration that the use of membrane could be an environment-friendly methodology that enhances its efficiency in the removal of these compounds.
Keywords Membrane bioreactor, Nanofiltration, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs, Reverse osmosis, Ultrafiltration
R. M. Gómez-Espinosa (*)
Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable UAEM-UNAM, Toluca, Estado de
México, Mexico
e-mail: rmgomeze@uaemex.mx; rosamarigo@gmail.com
D. Arizmendi-Cotero
Universidad Tecnológica del Valle de Toluca, Unidad Académica Capulhuac, Capulhuac de
Mirafuentes, Mexico
Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván (ed.), Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
in Water: Emerging Contaminants and Ecological Impact,
Hdb Env Chem (2020) 96: 261–276, DOI 10.1007/698_2020_552,
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020, Published online: 8 July 2020
261