xxiii
Contents
8.2 Priming of Pumps: Self-Priming Types ........................................... 293
8.2.1 Side Channel Pump .............................................................. 293
8.2.2 Peripheral Pump (regenerative pump) ................................. 295
8.2.3 Self-Priming Centrifugal Pump ............................................ 296
8.2.4 Jet Pump ............................................................................... 297
8.3 Unstable Operation ........................................................................... 297
8.4 Component Shaping ......................................................................... 299
8.4.1 Simply and Doubly Curved Blades in Radial Rotors ........... 299
8.4.2 Mixed-Flow and Axial Pumps ............................................. 300
8.4.3 Pump Inlet ............................................................................ 300
8.4.4 Pump Outlet ......................................................................... 301
8.4.5 Vaneless Diffuser Rings ....................................................... 301
8.4.6 Vaned Diffuser Rings ........................................................... 302
8.4.7 Volute ................................................................................... 303
8.4.8 Return Channels ................................................................... 305
8.5 Internal Parallel and Series Connection Of Rotors .......................... 305
8.5.1 Reason for Internal Parallel or Series Connection ............... 305
8.5.2 Internal Parallel Connection of Rotors ................................. 306
8.5.3 Internal Series Connection of Rotors: Multistage Pumps .... 306
8.6 Constructional Aspects ..................................................................... 307
8.6.1 Rotor ..................................................................................... 307
8.6.2 Stator .................................................................................... 307
8.6.3 Shaft Sealing ........................................................................ 307
8.6.4 Bearings ................................................................................ 309
8.6.5 Axial Force Balancing with Single-Stage Pumps ................ 309
8.6.6 Axial Force Balancing with Multistage Pumps .................... 310
8.6.7 Wear Rings ........................................................................... 311
8.7 Special Pumps .................................................................................. 311
8.7.1 Borehole Pumps ................................................................... 312
8.7.2 High-Pressure Pumps ........................................................... 312
8.7.3 Sealless Pumps: Circulation Pumps, Chemical Pumps ........ 312
8.7.4 Slurry Pumps ........................................................................ 313
8.7.5 Pumping of Solid Materials ................................................. 314
8.7.6 Vertical Submerged Pumps .................................................. 314
8.7.7 Partial Emission Pumps ........................................................ 315
8.7.8 Pumps for Viscous Fluids ..................................................... 315
8.8 Exercises .......................................................................................... 316
8.8.1 Looking up Pump Characteristics ........................................ 316
8.8.2 Verification of an NPSH-Value ............................................ 316
References ................................................................................................. 317
9 Hydraulic Turbines ................................................................................. 319
9.1 Hydraulic Energy ............................................................................. 319
9.2 Hydraulic Turbine Types .................................................................. 320
9.2.1 Large Turbines (> 10 MW) ................................................... 320
9.2.2 Small Turbines (< 10 MW) ................................................... 322
Contents
8.2 Priming of Pumps: Self-Priming Types ........................................... 293
8.2.1 Side Channel Pump .............................................................. 293
8.2.2 Peripheral Pump (regenerative pump) ................................. 295
8.2.3 Self-Priming Centrifugal Pump ............................................ 296
8.2.4 Jet Pump ............................................................................... 297
8.3 Unstable Operation ........................................................................... 297
8.4 Component Shaping ......................................................................... 299
8.4.1 Simply and Doubly Curved Blades in Radial Rotors ........... 299
8.4.2 Mixed-Flow and Axial Pumps ............................................. 300
8.4.3 Pump Inlet ............................................................................ 300
8.4.4 Pump Outlet ......................................................................... 301
8.4.5 Vaneless Diffuser Rings ....................................................... 301
8.4.6 Vaned Diffuser Rings ........................................................... 302
8.4.7 Volute ................................................................................... 303
8.4.8 Return Channels ................................................................... 305
8.5 Internal Parallel and Series Connection Of Rotors .......................... 305
8.5.1 Reason for Internal Parallel or Series Connection ............... 305
8.5.2 Internal Parallel Connection of Rotors ................................. 306
8.5.3 Internal Series Connection of Rotors: Multistage Pumps .... 306
8.6 Constructional Aspects ..................................................................... 307
8.6.1 Rotor ..................................................................................... 307
8.6.2 Stator .................................................................................... 307
8.6.3 Shaft Sealing ........................................................................ 307
8.6.4 Bearings ................................................................................ 309
8.6.5 Axial Force Balancing with Single-Stage Pumps ................ 309
8.6.6 Axial Force Balancing with Multistage Pumps .................... 310
8.6.7 Wear Rings ........................................................................... 311
8.7 Special Pumps .................................................................................. 311
8.7.1 Borehole Pumps ................................................................... 312
8.7.2 High-Pressure Pumps ........................................................... 312
8.7.3 Sealless Pumps: Circulation Pumps, Chemical Pumps ........ 312
8.7.4 Slurry Pumps ........................................................................ 313
8.7.5 Pumping of Solid Materials ................................................. 314
8.7.6 Vertical Submerged Pumps .................................................. 314
8.7.7 Partial Emission Pumps ........................................................ 315
8.7.8 Pumps for Viscous Fluids ..................................................... 315
8.8 Exercises .......................................................................................... 316
8.8.1 Looking up Pump Characteristics ........................................ 316
8.8.2 Verification of an NPSH-Value ............................................ 316
References ................................................................................................. 317
9 Hydraulic Turbines ................................................................................. 319
9.1 Hydraulic Energy ............................................................................. 319
9.2 Hydraulic Turbine Types .................................................................. 320
9.2.1 Large Turbines (> 10 MW) ................................................... 320
9.2.2 Small Turbines (< 10 MW) ................................................... 322