Chapter 17
Plant-Microbe Interactions
for Bioremediation and Phytoremediation
of Environmental Pollutants and Agroecosystem Development
Akash Mishra, Shraddha Priyadarshini Mishra, Anfal Arshi,
Ankur Agarwal, and Sanjai Kumar Dwivedi
Abstract Development in both the industrial and agricultural sectors has resulted in
excess production of hazardous substances which is ruining our environment.
However several physicochemical technologies are available to treat such substances
but require extra setup to deal with eco-friendly manner. Phytoremediation and
bioremediation has emerged as a substitute of such technologies which is brought
by the interaction among plant and microorganisms. PGPR (plant growth-promoting
rhizobacteria) has an important contribution in remediation of environmental pollutants as well as agro-ecosystem development. Along with PGPR, several fungi,
endophytes, mycorrhiza, and algae also form association with plants and contribute
in sustainable development. Application of genetic engineering has resulted tremendous effect in increasing their efficiency of pollution control and plant growth
regulation.
Keywords Environmental pollutants · Bioremediation · Phytoremediation · Plantmicrobe interactions
1 Introduction
In the present era, our world is suffering through various economic and environmental problems, among which conventional energy depletion, global warming, and
water pollution are of more concern. These problems are affecting the whole society
in different ways. As per a report by WHO 2013, drinking water pollution is a major
problem of half of the population worldwide. Such pollution is responsible for
A. Mishra · S. P. Mishra · A. Arshi (*) · A. Agarwal · S. K. Dwivedi
Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research (DIBER), Defence Research and Development
Organization (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Haldwani, Uttarakhand,
India
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
R. N. Bharagava, G. Saxena (eds.), Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for
Environmental Safety, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3426-9_17
415
Plant-Microbe Interactions
for Bioremediation and Phytoremediation
of Environmental Pollutants and Agroecosystem Development
Akash Mishra, Shraddha Priyadarshini Mishra, Anfal Arshi,
Ankur Agarwal, and Sanjai Kumar Dwivedi
Abstract Development in both the industrial and agricultural sectors has resulted in
excess production of hazardous substances which is ruining our environment.
However several physicochemical technologies are available to treat such substances
but require extra setup to deal with eco-friendly manner. Phytoremediation and
bioremediation has emerged as a substitute of such technologies which is brought
by the interaction among plant and microorganisms. PGPR (plant growth-promoting
rhizobacteria) has an important contribution in remediation of environmental pollutants as well as agro-ecosystem development. Along with PGPR, several fungi,
endophytes, mycorrhiza, and algae also form association with plants and contribute
in sustainable development. Application of genetic engineering has resulted tremendous effect in increasing their efficiency of pollution control and plant growth
regulation.
Keywords Environmental pollutants · Bioremediation · Phytoremediation · Plantmicrobe interactions
1 Introduction
In the present era, our world is suffering through various economic and environmental problems, among which conventional energy depletion, global warming, and
water pollution are of more concern. These problems are affecting the whole society
in different ways. As per a report by WHO 2013, drinking water pollution is a major
problem of half of the population worldwide. Such pollution is responsible for
A. Mishra · S. P. Mishra · A. Arshi (*) · A. Agarwal · S. K. Dwivedi
Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research (DIBER), Defence Research and Development
Organization (DRDO), Ministry of Defence, Government of India, Haldwani, Uttarakhand,
India
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
R. N. Bharagava, G. Saxena (eds.), Bioremediation of Industrial Waste for
Environmental Safety, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3426-9_17
415