512
J. A. Dar et al.
Balshi MS, McGuire AD, Zhuang Q, Melillo J, Kicklighter DW, Kasischke E, Wirth C, Flannigan
M, Harden J, Clein JS, Burnside TJ, McAllister J, Kurz WA, Apps M, Shvidenko A (2007) The
role of historical fire disturbance in the carbon dynamics of the pan-boreal region: a process-based
analysis. J Geophys Res 112:G02029
Barnosky AD, Matzke N, Tomiya S, Wogan GOU, Swartz B, Quental TB, Marshall C, McGuire
JL, Lindsey EL, Maguire KC, Mersey B, Ferrer EA (2011) Has the Earth’s sixth mass extinction
already arrived? Nature 471:51–57
Barr AG, Black TA, Hogg EH, Griffis TJ, Morgenstern K, Kljun N, Theede A, Nesic Z (2007)
Climatic controls on the carbon and water balances of a boreal aspen forest, 1994–2003. Glob
Change Biol 13:561–576
Bebber DP, Ramotowski MT, Gurr SJ (2013) Crop pests and pathogens move polewards in a
warming world. Nat Clim Change 3:985–988
Beedlow PA, Tingey DT, Phillips DL, Hogsett WE, Olszyk DM (2004) Rising atmospheric CO 2
and carbon sequestration in forests. Front Ecol Environ 2:315–322
Beer C, Reichstein M, Tomelleri E, Ciais P, Jung M, Carvalhais N, Rödenbeck C, Arain MA,
Baldocchi D, Bonan GB, Bondeau A, Cescatti A, Lasslop G, Lindroth A, Lomas M, Luyssaert
S, Margolis H, Oleson KW, Roupsard O, Veenendaal E, Viovy N, Williams C, Woodward FI,
Papale D (2010) Terrestrial gross carbon dioxide uptake: global distribution and covariation with
climate. Science 1184984
Beerling DJ, Heath J, Woodward FI, Mansfield TA (1996) Drought-CO 2 interactions in trees:
observations and mechanisms. New Phytol 134:235–242
Benton MJ, Twitchett RJ (2003) How to kill (almost) all life: the end-Permian extinction event.
Trends Ecol Evol 18:358–365
Bettinger P, Boston K, Siry JP, Grebner DL (2017) Forest management and planning. Academic
Press, London
Betts RA (2000) Offset of the potential carbon sink from boreal forestation by decreases in surface
albedo. Nature 408:187–190
Betts RA, Cox PM, Collins M, Harris PP, Huntingford C, Jones CD (2004) The role of ecosystematmosphere interactions in simulated Amazonian precipitation decrease and forest dieback under
global climate warming. Theor Appl Climatol 78(1–3):157–175
Bhattarai U (2017) Impacts of climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem services: direction for
future research. Hydro Nepal 20:41–48
Bhuiyan MA, Jabeen M, Zaman K, Khan A, Ahmad J, Hishan SS (2018) The impact of climate change and energy resources on biodiversity loss: evidence from a panel of selected Asian
countries. Renew Energy 117:324–340
Billings SA, Gaydess EA (2008) Soil nitrogen and carbon dynamics in a fragmented landscape
experiencing forest succession. Land Ecol 23:581–593
Birdsey R (1992) Carbon storage and accumulation in the United States forest ecosystems. General
technical report WO-59. US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, DC
Bonan GB (2008) Forests and climate change: forcings, feedbacks, and the climate benefits of
forests. Science 320(5882):1444–1449
Bradley BA, Oppenheimer M, Wilcove DS (2009) Climate change and plant invasions: restoration
opportunities ahead? Glob Change Biol 15(6):1511–1521
Bragg DC, Shelton MG, Zeide B (2003) Impacts and management implications of ice storms on
forests in the southern United States. Forest Ecol Manag 186:99–123
Brando PM, Balch JK, Nepstad DC, Morton DC, Putz FE, Coe MT, Silvério D, Macedo MN,
Davidson EA, Nóbrega CC, Alencar A, Soares-Filho BS (2014) Abrupt increases in Amazonian
tree mortality due to drought—fire interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci 111:6347–6352
Brecka AFJ, Shahi C, Chen HYH (2018) Climate change impacts on boreal forest timber supply.
For Policy Econ 92:11–21
Breda N, Huc R, Granier A, Dreyer E (2006) Temperate forest trees and stands under severe drought:
a review of ecophysiological responses, adaptation processes and long-term consequences. Ann
For Sci 63:625–644
J. A. Dar et al.
Balshi MS, McGuire AD, Zhuang Q, Melillo J, Kicklighter DW, Kasischke E, Wirth C, Flannigan
M, Harden J, Clein JS, Burnside TJ, McAllister J, Kurz WA, Apps M, Shvidenko A (2007) The
role of historical fire disturbance in the carbon dynamics of the pan-boreal region: a process-based
analysis. J Geophys Res 112:G02029
Barnosky AD, Matzke N, Tomiya S, Wogan GOU, Swartz B, Quental TB, Marshall C, McGuire
JL, Lindsey EL, Maguire KC, Mersey B, Ferrer EA (2011) Has the Earth’s sixth mass extinction
already arrived? Nature 471:51–57
Barr AG, Black TA, Hogg EH, Griffis TJ, Morgenstern K, Kljun N, Theede A, Nesic Z (2007)
Climatic controls on the carbon and water balances of a boreal aspen forest, 1994–2003. Glob
Change Biol 13:561–576
Bebber DP, Ramotowski MT, Gurr SJ (2013) Crop pests and pathogens move polewards in a
warming world. Nat Clim Change 3:985–988
Beedlow PA, Tingey DT, Phillips DL, Hogsett WE, Olszyk DM (2004) Rising atmospheric CO 2
and carbon sequestration in forests. Front Ecol Environ 2:315–322
Beer C, Reichstein M, Tomelleri E, Ciais P, Jung M, Carvalhais N, Rödenbeck C, Arain MA,
Baldocchi D, Bonan GB, Bondeau A, Cescatti A, Lasslop G, Lindroth A, Lomas M, Luyssaert
S, Margolis H, Oleson KW, Roupsard O, Veenendaal E, Viovy N, Williams C, Woodward FI,
Papale D (2010) Terrestrial gross carbon dioxide uptake: global distribution and covariation with
climate. Science 1184984
Beerling DJ, Heath J, Woodward FI, Mansfield TA (1996) Drought-CO 2 interactions in trees:
observations and mechanisms. New Phytol 134:235–242
Benton MJ, Twitchett RJ (2003) How to kill (almost) all life: the end-Permian extinction event.
Trends Ecol Evol 18:358–365
Bettinger P, Boston K, Siry JP, Grebner DL (2017) Forest management and planning. Academic
Press, London
Betts RA (2000) Offset of the potential carbon sink from boreal forestation by decreases in surface
albedo. Nature 408:187–190
Betts RA, Cox PM, Collins M, Harris PP, Huntingford C, Jones CD (2004) The role of ecosystematmosphere interactions in simulated Amazonian precipitation decrease and forest dieback under
global climate warming. Theor Appl Climatol 78(1–3):157–175
Bhattarai U (2017) Impacts of climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem services: direction for
future research. Hydro Nepal 20:41–48
Bhuiyan MA, Jabeen M, Zaman K, Khan A, Ahmad J, Hishan SS (2018) The impact of climate change and energy resources on biodiversity loss: evidence from a panel of selected Asian
countries. Renew Energy 117:324–340
Billings SA, Gaydess EA (2008) Soil nitrogen and carbon dynamics in a fragmented landscape
experiencing forest succession. Land Ecol 23:581–593
Birdsey R (1992) Carbon storage and accumulation in the United States forest ecosystems. General
technical report WO-59. US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, DC
Bonan GB (2008) Forests and climate change: forcings, feedbacks, and the climate benefits of
forests. Science 320(5882):1444–1449
Bradley BA, Oppenheimer M, Wilcove DS (2009) Climate change and plant invasions: restoration
opportunities ahead? Glob Change Biol 15(6):1511–1521
Bragg DC, Shelton MG, Zeide B (2003) Impacts and management implications of ice storms on
forests in the southern United States. Forest Ecol Manag 186:99–123
Brando PM, Balch JK, Nepstad DC, Morton DC, Putz FE, Coe MT, Silvério D, Macedo MN,
Davidson EA, Nóbrega CC, Alencar A, Soares-Filho BS (2014) Abrupt increases in Amazonian
tree mortality due to drought—fire interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci 111:6347–6352
Brecka AFJ, Shahi C, Chen HYH (2018) Climate change impacts on boreal forest timber supply.
For Policy Econ 92:11–21
Breda N, Huc R, Granier A, Dreyer E (2006) Temperate forest trees and stands under severe drought:
a review of ecophysiological responses, adaptation processes and long-term consequences. Ann
For Sci 63:625–644