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Table 3
Types of constraints for harnessing medicinal plant cultivation in India
Types of constraints
Issues
Institutional (policies and programmes) – Lack of data sources
– Lack of Integrated Policies and Programmes targeting cultivation of medicinal Plants
– Lack of Research on Medicinal Plant Cultivation
– Lack of resource survey or inventory (region-wise) of rich medicinal biodiversity
– Lack of supporting policies and subsidies for cultivation of medicinal plants
– Trade barriers
– Lack of effective domestic regulations
– Lack of effective enforcement environmental regulations
– Lack of organised form of administrative and legal forms
– Land ceiling acts
– Lack of institutional support for folklore and traditional medicines
Economic
– Lack of income among the poor farmers
– Lack of better returns on investment
– Lack of reasonable price fixation and profitable price levels leads to price fluctuations
– Low prices and devaluation of local knowledge by the communities
Social
– Lack of scientific knowledge and awareness on Biodiversity Act and Regulation process
– Exploitation, indiscriminate collection in wild and Unsustainable practices [Around 315 of 6560 medicinal
species are threatened with extinction (Niraj and Kapoor 2015)]
– Lack of sharing the benefit or giving credit on traditional medicinal plants with communities
(continued)