7.4 Summary
233
(5) For two types armor steel/UHPCC composite targets, the mass efficiency factor
E t , thickness efficiency factor E m , and ballistic efficiency factor q
2 of composite
target are the largest when the thickness of armor steel plate is 8 mm. For
instance, for the projectile with a striking velocity of 481 m/s, the residual
penetration depths in UHPCC when backing against 8 mm-thick NP4500 and
NP500 armor steel plate are 3.78% and 15.12% of DOP in the UHPCC target,
respectively.
References
BENDOR G, DUBINSKY A, ELPERIN T, FRAGE N. Optimization of two component ceramic
armor for a given impact velocity[J]. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 2000, 33(3):
185-190.
BENSON D J. An efficient, accurate, simple ALE method for nonlinear finite element programs[J].
Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 1989, 72(3): 305-350.
CHOUDHARY S, SINGH P K, KHARE S, KUMAR K, VERMA R K. Ballistic impact behaviour
of newly developed armour grade steel: An experimental and numerical study[J]. International
Journal of Impact Engineering, 2020, 103557.
CRONIN D S, BUI K, KAUFMANN C, BERSTAD T. Implementation and Validation of
the Johnson-Holmquist Ceramic Material Model in LS-DYNA. 4th Europe LS-DYNA Users
Conference[C]. 2003.
FAWAZ Z, BEHDINAN K, XU Y G. Optimum design of two-component composite armors against
high-speed impact[J]. Composite Structures, 2006, 73(3): 253-262.
FENG J, SUN W W, LIU Z L, CUI C, WANG X M. An armor-piercing projectile penetration
in a double-layered target of ultrahigh-performance fiber reinforced concrete and armor steel:
Experimental and numerical analyses[J]. Materials & Design, 2016, 102: 131-141.
FORRESTAL M J, ALTMAN B S, CARGILE J D, HANCHAK S J. An empirical equation for
penetration depth of ogive-nose projectiles into concrete targets[J]. International Journal of Impact
Engineering, 1994, 15(4): 395-405.
FORRESTAL M J, FREW D J, HANCHAK S J, BRAR N S. Penetration of grout and concrete
targets with ogive-nose steel projectiles[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1996,
18(5): 465-476.
FORRESTAL M J, FREW D J, HICKERSON J P, ROHWER T A. Penetration of concrete targets
with deceleration-time measurements[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2003,
28(5): 479-497.
FRAS T, ROTH C C, MOHR D. Fracture of high-strength armor steel under impact loading[J].
International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2018, 111: 147-164.
FRAS T, ROTH C C, MOHR D. Dynamic perforation of ultra-hard high-strength armor steel:
Impact experiments and modeling[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2019, 131:
256-271.
HANCHAK S J, FORRESTAL M J, YOUNG E R, EHRGOTT J Q. Perforation of concrete slabs
with 48 MPa (7 ksi) and 140 MPa (20 ksi) unconfined compressive strengths[J]. International
Journal of Impact Engineering, 1992, 12(1): 1-7.
HOLMQUIST T J, JOHNSON G R, COOK W H. A computational constitutive model for concrete
subjected to large strains, high strain rates, and high pressures. 14th International Symposium on
Ballistics[C]. 1993.
JOHNSON G R, COOK W H. A constitutive model and data for metals subjected to large strains,
high strain rates, and high temperatures. 7th International Symposium on Ballistics[C]. 1983.
233
(5) For two types armor steel/UHPCC composite targets, the mass efficiency factor
E t , thickness efficiency factor E m , and ballistic efficiency factor q
2 of composite
target are the largest when the thickness of armor steel plate is 8 mm. For
instance, for the projectile with a striking velocity of 481 m/s, the residual
penetration depths in UHPCC when backing against 8 mm-thick NP4500 and
NP500 armor steel plate are 3.78% and 15.12% of DOP in the UHPCC target,
respectively.
References
BENDOR G, DUBINSKY A, ELPERIN T, FRAGE N. Optimization of two component ceramic
armor for a given impact velocity[J]. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 2000, 33(3):
185-190.
BENSON D J. An efficient, accurate, simple ALE method for nonlinear finite element programs[J].
Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 1989, 72(3): 305-350.
CHOUDHARY S, SINGH P K, KHARE S, KUMAR K, VERMA R K. Ballistic impact behaviour
of newly developed armour grade steel: An experimental and numerical study[J]. International
Journal of Impact Engineering, 2020, 103557.
CRONIN D S, BUI K, KAUFMANN C, BERSTAD T. Implementation and Validation of
the Johnson-Holmquist Ceramic Material Model in LS-DYNA. 4th Europe LS-DYNA Users
Conference[C]. 2003.
FAWAZ Z, BEHDINAN K, XU Y G. Optimum design of two-component composite armors against
high-speed impact[J]. Composite Structures, 2006, 73(3): 253-262.
FENG J, SUN W W, LIU Z L, CUI C, WANG X M. An armor-piercing projectile penetration
in a double-layered target of ultrahigh-performance fiber reinforced concrete and armor steel:
Experimental and numerical analyses[J]. Materials & Design, 2016, 102: 131-141.
FORRESTAL M J, ALTMAN B S, CARGILE J D, HANCHAK S J. An empirical equation for
penetration depth of ogive-nose projectiles into concrete targets[J]. International Journal of Impact
Engineering, 1994, 15(4): 395-405.
FORRESTAL M J, FREW D J, HANCHAK S J, BRAR N S. Penetration of grout and concrete
targets with ogive-nose steel projectiles[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 1996,
18(5): 465-476.
FORRESTAL M J, FREW D J, HICKERSON J P, ROHWER T A. Penetration of concrete targets
with deceleration-time measurements[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2003,
28(5): 479-497.
FRAS T, ROTH C C, MOHR D. Fracture of high-strength armor steel under impact loading[J].
International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2018, 111: 147-164.
FRAS T, ROTH C C, MOHR D. Dynamic perforation of ultra-hard high-strength armor steel:
Impact experiments and modeling[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2019, 131:
256-271.
HANCHAK S J, FORRESTAL M J, YOUNG E R, EHRGOTT J Q. Perforation of concrete slabs
with 48 MPa (7 ksi) and 140 MPa (20 ksi) unconfined compressive strengths[J]. International
Journal of Impact Engineering, 1992, 12(1): 1-7.
HOLMQUIST T J, JOHNSON G R, COOK W H. A computational constitutive model for concrete
subjected to large strains, high strain rates, and high pressures. 14th International Symposium on
Ballistics[C]. 1993.
JOHNSON G R, COOK W H. A constitutive model and data for metals subjected to large strains,
high strain rates, and high temperatures. 7th International Symposium on Ballistics[C]. 1983.