Nomenclature
d s
Length of specimen (m)
E
Compressive elastic modulus (GPa)
E m
Elastic modulus of matrix (GPa)
V f
Volumetric ratio of steel fibers
E s
Elastic modulus of steel fibers (GPa)
P LOP
Loads at LOP in four-point load-deflection curves (kN)
P MOR
Loads at MOR in four-point load-deflection curves (kN)
δ LOP
Deflections at LOP in four-point load-deflection curves (mm)
δ MOR
Deflections at MOR in four-point load-deflection curves (mm)
Toughness MOR Toughness at MOR in four-point load-deflection curves (N m)
f MOR
Flexural strength at MOR in four-point load-deflection curves
(MPa)
L
Span length of specimen (m)
b
Width of specimen (m)
h
Height of specimen (m)
δ
Deflections in four-point load-deflection curves (mm)
f
Flexural strength in four-point load-deflection curves (MPa)
Toughness
Toughness at MOR in four-point load-deflection curves (N m)
K IC
Fracture toughness (MPa m
1/2 )
F un
Maximum load in three-point load-deflection curves (MPa)
m 1
Mass of specimen between the supports (kg)
g
Gravity (m/s
2 )
α
Crack-to-depth ratio
β
Span-to-depth ratio
a c
Critical effective crack length at F un (mm)
h 0
Thickness of the steel plate pasted on the specimen (mm)
V c
Critical value of CMOD at F un
p 4 (α)
Cubic polynomial
p ∞ (α)
Cubic polynomial
G F
Fracture energy (N/m)
W 0
Area under the load-deflection curve (J/m
3 )
m 0
Mass of specimen including the mass of measuring device (kg)
xix