270
M. P. Parmar et al.
4.3 Data Taken for Simulation
• Cell diameter = 26.1 mm
• Cell length = 65 mm
• The gap between the two cells in a battery pack is approximately 2 mm
• C rate = 5C
• Number of nodes per cell = 1459
• Free stream air temperature = 300 K
• U and Y coefficients—The condition of these coefficients totally depends upon
the polarization test of the battery. We have taken the values of these coefficients
from Kim’s paper [14]
• Min. stop voltage = 3 V
• Max. stop voltage = 4.3 V.
The C rate is the hourly rate at which the battery discharges. A higher C rate means
high heat generation, and a lower C rate indicates low values of heat generation. The
simulation will automatically stop once the battery cell voltage reaches the minimum
or maximum value. For a battery pack, the battery average cell voltage is used.
5 Results
In this work, we have done the simulation of three (1p2s, 1p5s, 5p5s) different types
of Li-ion battery pack arrangement. Here p stands for parallel and s stands for series
so 1p2s means one parallel two series connection so the number of a lithium-ion
battery cell, in this case, will be two. 1p5s means one parallel five series connection
so the number of lithium-ion battery cell will be five. 5p5s arrangement means five
parallel five series connection so in this case number of lithium-ion battery cell
will be 25. Currently, this 5p5s battery pack is used in an electric scooter [15].
Simulation is showing data about total heat generation, ohmic heat generation, and
static temperature for each arrangement of the Li-ion battery pack.
5.1 Total Heat Generation
It has been found (Figs. 5 and 6) that total heat generation value is higher at the cell
zone (middle part of the lithium-ion battery cell) compare to the tab zone (extremely
right and left part of lithium-ion battery cell).
M. P. Parmar et al.
4.3 Data Taken for Simulation
• Cell diameter = 26.1 mm
• Cell length = 65 mm
• The gap between the two cells in a battery pack is approximately 2 mm
• C rate = 5C
• Number of nodes per cell = 1459
• Free stream air temperature = 300 K
• U and Y coefficients—The condition of these coefficients totally depends upon
the polarization test of the battery. We have taken the values of these coefficients
from Kim’s paper [14]
• Min. stop voltage = 3 V
• Max. stop voltage = 4.3 V.
The C rate is the hourly rate at which the battery discharges. A higher C rate means
high heat generation, and a lower C rate indicates low values of heat generation. The
simulation will automatically stop once the battery cell voltage reaches the minimum
or maximum value. For a battery pack, the battery average cell voltage is used.
5 Results
In this work, we have done the simulation of three (1p2s, 1p5s, 5p5s) different types
of Li-ion battery pack arrangement. Here p stands for parallel and s stands for series
so 1p2s means one parallel two series connection so the number of a lithium-ion
battery cell, in this case, will be two. 1p5s means one parallel five series connection
so the number of lithium-ion battery cell will be five. 5p5s arrangement means five
parallel five series connection so in this case number of lithium-ion battery cell
will be 25. Currently, this 5p5s battery pack is used in an electric scooter [15].
Simulation is showing data about total heat generation, ohmic heat generation, and
static temperature for each arrangement of the Li-ion battery pack.
5.1 Total Heat Generation
It has been found (Figs. 5 and 6) that total heat generation value is higher at the cell
zone (middle part of the lithium-ion battery cell) compare to the tab zone (extremely
right and left part of lithium-ion battery cell).