5.9 Summary
99
5.9 Summary
This chapter developed static and dynamic nonlinear FE models for piezoelectric
integrated smart structures undergoing large displacements and under strong electric
fields. In the FE models, both linear piezoelectric constitutive equations and electroelastic nonlinear constitutive equations were considered, where electric field through
the thickness are assumed constant. Four types of shell elements were developed for
composite or piezoelectric laminated thin-walled structures. Various geometrically
nonlinear strain-displacement relations were included in the FE models. In LRT56
FE models, Euler angles were used to represent unrestricted finite rotations in shell
structures. In the end of this chapter, several numerical algorithms for solving static
and dynamic equations were discussed.
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