20
P. Liu
Fig. 1.20 Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann (1826~1866, Ancient Greek mathematician)
Fig. 1.21 Hermann von Helmholtz (1821~1894, German physicist)
shown in Fig. 1.23) perfected the singularity superposition principle based
on the ideal fluid theory, established the mathematical theory of free, forced,
and combined vortices, and put forward the famous Rankine vortex model.
In 1869, the Austrian physicist and philosopher Ludwig Edward Boltzmann
(1844–1906, as shown in Fig. 1.24) extended Maxwell’s velocity distribution
law to the case of conservative force field and obtained Boltzmann’s distribution law. In 1872, Boltzmann established the famous Boltzmann equation
(also known as transport equation) to describe the statistical mechanics of
P. Liu
Fig. 1.20 Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann (1826~1866, Ancient Greek mathematician)
Fig. 1.21 Hermann von Helmholtz (1821~1894, German physicist)
shown in Fig. 1.23) perfected the singularity superposition principle based
on the ideal fluid theory, established the mathematical theory of free, forced,
and combined vortices, and put forward the famous Rankine vortex model.
In 1869, the Austrian physicist and philosopher Ludwig Edward Boltzmann
(1844–1906, as shown in Fig. 1.24) extended Maxwell’s velocity distribution
law to the case of conservative force field and obtained Boltzmann’s distribution law. In 1872, Boltzmann established the famous Boltzmann equation
(also known as transport equation) to describe the statistical mechanics of