Doll TE, Frimmel FH (2005) Cross-flow microfiltration with periodical back-washing for
photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical and diagnostic residues–evaluation of the longterm stability of the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 . Water Res 39:847–854. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.watres.2004.11.029
Dong W, Sun Y, Lee CW, Hua W, Lu X, Shi Y, Zhang S, Chen J, Zhao D (2007) Controllable and
repeatable synthesis of thermally stable anatase nanocrystal-silica composites with highly
ordered hexagonal mesostructures. J Am Chem Soc 129:13894–13904. https://doi.org/10.
1021/ja073804o
Dong W, Sun Y, Ma Q, Zhu L, Hua W, Lu X, Zhuang G, Zhang S, Guo Z, Zhao D (2012) Excellent
photocatalytic degradation activities of ordered mesoporous anatase TiO 2 –SiO 2
nanocomposites to various organic contaminants. J Hazard Mater 229–230:307–320. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.06.002
Dong H, Zeng G, Tang L, Fan C, Zhang C, He X, He Y (2015) An overview on the limitations of
TiO 2 -based particles for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and the corresponding
countermeasures. Water Res 29:128–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.04.038
Dong W, Yao Y, Li L, Sun Y, Hua W, Zhuang G, Zhao D, Yan S, Song W (2017) Threedimensional interconnected mesoporous anatase TiO 2 exhibiting unique photocatalytical performance. Appl Catal B Environ 217:293–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.05.083
Donia AM, Atia AA, Al-amrani WA, El-Nahas AM (2009) Effect of structural properties of acid
dyes on their adsorption behaviour from aqueous solutions by amine modified silica. J Hazard
Mater 161:1544–1550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.05.042
Dror I, Jacov OM, Cortis A, Berkowitz B (2012) Catalytic transformation of persistent contaminants using a new composite material based on nanosized zero-valent iron. ACS Appl Mater
Interfaces 4:3416–3423. https://doi.org/10.1021/am300402q
Dutta R, Nagarjuma TV, Mandavgane SA, Ekhe JD (2014) Ultrafast removal of cationic dye using
agrowaste-derived mesoporous adsorbent. Ind Eng Chem Res 54:18558–18567. https://doi.org/
10.1021/ie5030003
Epolito WJ, Lee YH, Bottomley LA, Pavlostathis SG (2005) Characterization of the textile
anthraquinone dye Reactive Blue 4. Dyes Pigments 67:35–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
dyepig.2004.10.006
Erdei L, Arecrachakul N, Vigneswaran S (2008) A combined photocatalytic slurry reactor–
immersed membrane module system for advanced wastewater treatment. Sep Purif Technol
62:382–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2008.02.003
Fernández-Ibáñez P, Blanco J, Malato S, de las Nieves FJ (2003) Application of the colloidal
stability of TiO 2 particles for recovery and reuse in solar photocatalysis. Water Res
37:3180–3188. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00157-X
Fisli A, Ridwan R, Krisnandi YK, Gunlazuardi J (2017) Preparation and characterization of Fe 3 O 4 /
SiO 2 /TiO 2 composite for Methylene Blue removal in water. Int J Technol 1:76–84. https://doi.
org/10.14716/ijtech.v8i1.2888
Forgacs E, Cserháti T, Oros G (2004) Removal of synthetic dyes from wastewaters: a review.
Environ Int 30:953–971. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2004.02.001
Fox M, Dulay M (1993) Heterogeneous. Photocatalysis. Chem Rev 93:341–357. https://doi.org/10.
1021/cr00017a016
Fu J, Ji M, Wang Z, Jin L, An D (2006a) A new submerged membrane photocatalysis reactor
(SMPR) for fulvic acid removal using a nano-structured photocatalyst. J Hazard Mater
131:238–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.09.039
Fu J, Ji M, Zhao Y, Wang L (2006b) Kinetics of aqueous photocatalytic oxidation of fulvic acids in
a photocatalysis–ultrafiltration reactor (PUR). Sep Purif Technol 50:107–113. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.seppur.2005.11.017
Fujishima A, Honda K (1972) Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode.
Nature 238:37–38. https://doi.org/10.1038/238037a0
Galenda A, Visentin F, Gerbasi R, Battiston S, El Habra N (2017) Effective and low-cost synthesis
of sulphur-modified TiO 2 nanopowder with improved photocatalytic performances in water
2 Dyes Depollution of Water Using Porous TiO 2 -Based Photocatalysts
81
photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical and diagnostic residues–evaluation of the longterm stability of the photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 . Water Res 39:847–854. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.watres.2004.11.029
Dong W, Sun Y, Lee CW, Hua W, Lu X, Shi Y, Zhang S, Chen J, Zhao D (2007) Controllable and
repeatable synthesis of thermally stable anatase nanocrystal-silica composites with highly
ordered hexagonal mesostructures. J Am Chem Soc 129:13894–13904. https://doi.org/10.
1021/ja073804o
Dong W, Sun Y, Ma Q, Zhu L, Hua W, Lu X, Zhuang G, Zhang S, Guo Z, Zhao D (2012) Excellent
photocatalytic degradation activities of ordered mesoporous anatase TiO 2 –SiO 2
nanocomposites to various organic contaminants. J Hazard Mater 229–230:307–320. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.06.002
Dong H, Zeng G, Tang L, Fan C, Zhang C, He X, He Y (2015) An overview on the limitations of
TiO 2 -based particles for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants and the corresponding
countermeasures. Water Res 29:128–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.04.038
Dong W, Yao Y, Li L, Sun Y, Hua W, Zhuang G, Zhao D, Yan S, Song W (2017) Threedimensional interconnected mesoporous anatase TiO 2 exhibiting unique photocatalytical performance. Appl Catal B Environ 217:293–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.05.083
Donia AM, Atia AA, Al-amrani WA, El-Nahas AM (2009) Effect of structural properties of acid
dyes on their adsorption behaviour from aqueous solutions by amine modified silica. J Hazard
Mater 161:1544–1550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.05.042
Dror I, Jacov OM, Cortis A, Berkowitz B (2012) Catalytic transformation of persistent contaminants using a new composite material based on nanosized zero-valent iron. ACS Appl Mater
Interfaces 4:3416–3423. https://doi.org/10.1021/am300402q
Dutta R, Nagarjuma TV, Mandavgane SA, Ekhe JD (2014) Ultrafast removal of cationic dye using
agrowaste-derived mesoporous adsorbent. Ind Eng Chem Res 54:18558–18567. https://doi.org/
10.1021/ie5030003
Epolito WJ, Lee YH, Bottomley LA, Pavlostathis SG (2005) Characterization of the textile
anthraquinone dye Reactive Blue 4. Dyes Pigments 67:35–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
dyepig.2004.10.006
Erdei L, Arecrachakul N, Vigneswaran S (2008) A combined photocatalytic slurry reactor–
immersed membrane module system for advanced wastewater treatment. Sep Purif Technol
62:382–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2008.02.003
Fernández-Ibáñez P, Blanco J, Malato S, de las Nieves FJ (2003) Application of the colloidal
stability of TiO 2 particles for recovery and reuse in solar photocatalysis. Water Res
37:3180–3188. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00157-X
Fisli A, Ridwan R, Krisnandi YK, Gunlazuardi J (2017) Preparation and characterization of Fe 3 O 4 /
SiO 2 /TiO 2 composite for Methylene Blue removal in water. Int J Technol 1:76–84. https://doi.
org/10.14716/ijtech.v8i1.2888
Forgacs E, Cserháti T, Oros G (2004) Removal of synthetic dyes from wastewaters: a review.
Environ Int 30:953–971. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2004.02.001
Fox M, Dulay M (1993) Heterogeneous. Photocatalysis. Chem Rev 93:341–357. https://doi.org/10.
1021/cr00017a016
Fu J, Ji M, Wang Z, Jin L, An D (2006a) A new submerged membrane photocatalysis reactor
(SMPR) for fulvic acid removal using a nano-structured photocatalyst. J Hazard Mater
131:238–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.09.039
Fu J, Ji M, Zhao Y, Wang L (2006b) Kinetics of aqueous photocatalytic oxidation of fulvic acids in
a photocatalysis–ultrafiltration reactor (PUR). Sep Purif Technol 50:107–113. https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.seppur.2005.11.017
Fujishima A, Honda K (1972) Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode.
Nature 238:37–38. https://doi.org/10.1038/238037a0
Galenda A, Visentin F, Gerbasi R, Battiston S, El Habra N (2017) Effective and low-cost synthesis
of sulphur-modified TiO 2 nanopowder with improved photocatalytic performances in water
2 Dyes Depollution of Water Using Porous TiO 2 -Based Photocatalysts
81