visualized by the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM).
Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV)
For fulfilling the requirement of polymer electrolyte for the application aspects, it
must have a broad electrochemical stability window (ESW), which depends on the
stability of individual cation–anion. It is defined as the difference between the
potentials of the oxidation reaction and reduction reaction. One characteristic a
polymer electrolyte must possess is that it must be inert toward both electrodes.
For this, the oxidation potential must be higher than the embedding potential of
cation (Li
+
) in the cathode, and the reduction potential must be lower than that of
lithium metal in the anode. The desirable range of the ESW is ~4–5 V and is enough
for the commercialized systems.
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
Thermal stability of a battery device is important to avoid the material decomposition and explosion during cell operation. So, the thermal stability is investigated by
TGA to check the safety window of a polymer electrolyte as different materials have
different decomposition temperature ranges, and for long-term cycle stability, all
material must lie beyond the decomposition range. So, for safe working of the
battery system, the thermal stability must be large. The approach for the enhancement of the thermal stability is the addition of nanoparticles in the polymer matrix.
Stress–Strain Curve
During the commercialization of the battery or any energy storage device, one
important property is the mechanical stability. So, along with high cation transference number and the ionic conductivity, it must have mechanical property sufficient
enough for long-term cycle stability. The mechanical stability is measured by the
stress–strain curve in terms of the modulus, stress, and strain, as during the cell
packaging, the polymer electrolyte is sandwiched between the two electrodes so it
must have the capability to sustain the pressure applied. The polymer electrolyte
having poor mechanical strength may short-circuit the electrodes during cell operation. So, the material must be flexible by nature, and brittleness is avoided. It must
have inherent characteristics that may absorb the small internal shocks and does not
affect the electrodes. There are various strategies that are adopted for the enhancement of the modulus, stress, and strain. The most suitable and the attractive
approaches are the dispersion of the nanofiller, nanoclay and nanoparticle it high
aspect ratio such as nanorod, nanowire, nanotube. Here these nanoparticles may play
280
A. Arya and A. L. Sharma
Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV)
For fulfilling the requirement of polymer electrolyte for the application aspects, it
must have a broad electrochemical stability window (ESW), which depends on the
stability of individual cation–anion. It is defined as the difference between the
potentials of the oxidation reaction and reduction reaction. One characteristic a
polymer electrolyte must possess is that it must be inert toward both electrodes.
For this, the oxidation potential must be higher than the embedding potential of
cation (Li
+
) in the cathode, and the reduction potential must be lower than that of
lithium metal in the anode. The desirable range of the ESW is ~4–5 V and is enough
for the commercialized systems.
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
Thermal stability of a battery device is important to avoid the material decomposition and explosion during cell operation. So, the thermal stability is investigated by
TGA to check the safety window of a polymer electrolyte as different materials have
different decomposition temperature ranges, and for long-term cycle stability, all
material must lie beyond the decomposition range. So, for safe working of the
battery system, the thermal stability must be large. The approach for the enhancement of the thermal stability is the addition of nanoparticles in the polymer matrix.
Stress–Strain Curve
During the commercialization of the battery or any energy storage device, one
important property is the mechanical stability. So, along with high cation transference number and the ionic conductivity, it must have mechanical property sufficient
enough for long-term cycle stability. The mechanical stability is measured by the
stress–strain curve in terms of the modulus, stress, and strain, as during the cell
packaging, the polymer electrolyte is sandwiched between the two electrodes so it
must have the capability to sustain the pressure applied. The polymer electrolyte
having poor mechanical strength may short-circuit the electrodes during cell operation. So, the material must be flexible by nature, and brittleness is avoided. It must
have inherent characteristics that may absorb the small internal shocks and does not
affect the electrodes. There are various strategies that are adopted for the enhancement of the modulus, stress, and strain. The most suitable and the attractive
approaches are the dispersion of the nanofiller, nanoclay and nanoparticle it high
aspect ratio such as nanorod, nanowire, nanotube. Here these nanoparticles may play
280
A. Arya and A. L. Sharma