Leytron (Valais). Bulletin de Géologie, Minéralogie,
Géophysique et du Musée Géologique de l’Université de
Lausanne 138: 1–7.
Bahat, D., 1991, Tectonofractography. New York: SpringerVerlag.
Bai, T. and Pollard, D. D., 2000a, Closely spaced fractures in layered rocks: initiation mechanism and
propagation kinematics. Journal of Structural Geology
22: 1409–25.
Bai, T. and Pollard, D. D., 2000b, Fracture spacing in
layered rocks: a new explanation based on the stress
transition. Journal of Structural Geology 22: 43–57.
Bai, T., Pollard, D. D., and Gao, H., 2000, Explanation
for fracture spacing in layered materials. Nature 403:
753–6.
Barber, J. R., 1992, Elasticity. Dordrecht: Kluwer
Academic.
Barton, N., 1973, Review of a new shear-strength criterion for rock joints. Engineering Geology 7: 287–332.
Barus, C., 1891, The viscosity of solids. US Geological
Survey Bulletin 73.
Batchelor, G. K., 1967, An Introduction to Fluid Mechanics.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Batt, G. E., Brandon, M. T., Farley, K. A., and Roden-Tice,
M., 2001, Tectonic synthesis of the Olympic
Mountains segment of the Cascadia wedge, using
two-dimensional thermal and kinematic modeling
of thermochronological ages. Journal of Geophysical
Research 106: 26 731–46.
Beckmann, P., 1971, A History of (pi). New York: Dorset
Press.
Bell, J. S. and Babcock, E. A., 1986, The stress regime of
the western Canadian Basin and implications for
hydrocarbon production. Bulletin of the Canadian
Petroleum Geologists 34: 364–78.
Bell, R. J. T., 1920, An Elementary Treatise on Coordinate
Geometry of Three Dimensions. London: Macmillan.
Bergbauer, S., 2002, The use of curvature for the analyses of folding and fracturing with application to the
Emigrant Gap Anticline, Wyoming. Unpublished
Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University.
Bergbauer, S. and Martel, S. J., 1999, Formation of
joints in cooling plutons. Journal of Structural Geology
21(7): 821–35.
Bergbauer, S. and Pollard, D. D., 2003, How to calculate
normal curvatures of sampled geological surfaces.
Journal of Structural Geology 25: 277–89.
Bergbauer, S. and Pollard, D. D., 2004, A new conceptual fold–fracture model including prefolding
joints, based on the Emigrant Gap anticline,
Wyoming. Geological Society of America Bulletin 116:
294–307.
Bieniawski, Z. T., 1984, Rock Mechanics Design in Mining
and Tunneling. Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema.
Bieniawski, Z. T. and Bernede, M. J., 1979, Suggested
methods for determining the uniaxial compresssive
strength and deformability of rock materials.
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining
Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts 16(2): 135–40.
Billings, M. P., 1972, Structural Geology. Englewood
Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Biot, M. A., 1961, Theory of folding of stratified viscoelastic media and its implications in tectonics and
orogenesis. Geological Society of America Bulletin 72:
1595–620.
Biot, M. A., 1965, Mechanics of Incremental Deformation.
New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Birch, F., 1966, Compressibility: elastic constants. In
S. P. Clark, ed., Handbook of Physical Constants. New
York: The Geological Society of America,
pp. 97–173.
Bird, R. B., Stewart, W. E., and Lightfoot, E. N., 1960,
Transport Phenomena. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Bott, M. H. P., 1959, The mechanics of oblique slip faulting. Geological Magazine 96: 109–17.
Bourne, S. J., 2003, Contrast of elastic properties
between rock layers as a mechanism for the initiation and orientation of tensile failure under remote
compression. Journal of Geophysical Research 108:
10.1029/2001JB001725.
Bourne, S. J. and Willemse, E. J. M., 2001, Elastic stress
control on the pattern of tensile fracturing around a
small fault network at Nash Point, UK. Journal of
Structural Geology 23: 1753–70.
Bowden, F. P. and Tabor, D., 1950, The Friction and
Lubrication of Solids. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Brace, W. F., 1964, Brittle fracture of rocks. In W. R.
Judd, ed., State of Stress in the Earth’s Crust. New York:
Elsevier, pp. 111–74.
Brace, W. F. and Bombolakis, E. G., 1963, A note on
brittle crack growth in compression. Journal of
Geophysical Research 68: 3709–13.
Brace, W. F. and Byerlee, J. D., 1966, Stick slip as a mechanism for earthquakes. Science 153: 990–2.
Brandon, M. T., 2004, The Cascadia subduction wedge:
the role of accretion, uplift, and erosion. In B. A. van
der Pluijm and S. Marshak, eds., Earth Structure: An
Introduction to Structural Geology and Tectonics. New
York: W. W. Norton, pp. 566–74.
Braunstein, J. and O’Brien, G. D., 1968, Diapirism and
Diapirs: Memoir. Tulsa, OK: American Association of
Petroleum Geologists.
Bredehoeft, J. D., Wolff, R. G., Keys, W. S., and Shuter, E.,
1976, Hydraulic fracturing to determine the regional
REFERENCES
479
Géophysique et du Musée Géologique de l’Université de
Lausanne 138: 1–7.
Bahat, D., 1991, Tectonofractography. New York: SpringerVerlag.
Bai, T. and Pollard, D. D., 2000a, Closely spaced fractures in layered rocks: initiation mechanism and
propagation kinematics. Journal of Structural Geology
22: 1409–25.
Bai, T. and Pollard, D. D., 2000b, Fracture spacing in
layered rocks: a new explanation based on the stress
transition. Journal of Structural Geology 22: 43–57.
Bai, T., Pollard, D. D., and Gao, H., 2000, Explanation
for fracture spacing in layered materials. Nature 403:
753–6.
Barber, J. R., 1992, Elasticity. Dordrecht: Kluwer
Academic.
Barton, N., 1973, Review of a new shear-strength criterion for rock joints. Engineering Geology 7: 287–332.
Barus, C., 1891, The viscosity of solids. US Geological
Survey Bulletin 73.
Batchelor, G. K., 1967, An Introduction to Fluid Mechanics.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Batt, G. E., Brandon, M. T., Farley, K. A., and Roden-Tice,
M., 2001, Tectonic synthesis of the Olympic
Mountains segment of the Cascadia wedge, using
two-dimensional thermal and kinematic modeling
of thermochronological ages. Journal of Geophysical
Research 106: 26 731–46.
Beckmann, P., 1971, A History of (pi). New York: Dorset
Press.
Bell, J. S. and Babcock, E. A., 1986, The stress regime of
the western Canadian Basin and implications for
hydrocarbon production. Bulletin of the Canadian
Petroleum Geologists 34: 364–78.
Bell, R. J. T., 1920, An Elementary Treatise on Coordinate
Geometry of Three Dimensions. London: Macmillan.
Bergbauer, S., 2002, The use of curvature for the analyses of folding and fracturing with application to the
Emigrant Gap Anticline, Wyoming. Unpublished
Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University.
Bergbauer, S. and Martel, S. J., 1999, Formation of
joints in cooling plutons. Journal of Structural Geology
21(7): 821–35.
Bergbauer, S. and Pollard, D. D., 2003, How to calculate
normal curvatures of sampled geological surfaces.
Journal of Structural Geology 25: 277–89.
Bergbauer, S. and Pollard, D. D., 2004, A new conceptual fold–fracture model including prefolding
joints, based on the Emigrant Gap anticline,
Wyoming. Geological Society of America Bulletin 116:
294–307.
Bieniawski, Z. T., 1984, Rock Mechanics Design in Mining
and Tunneling. Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema.
Bieniawski, Z. T. and Bernede, M. J., 1979, Suggested
methods for determining the uniaxial compresssive
strength and deformability of rock materials.
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining
Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts 16(2): 135–40.
Billings, M. P., 1972, Structural Geology. Englewood
Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Biot, M. A., 1961, Theory of folding of stratified viscoelastic media and its implications in tectonics and
orogenesis. Geological Society of America Bulletin 72:
1595–620.
Biot, M. A., 1965, Mechanics of Incremental Deformation.
New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Birch, F., 1966, Compressibility: elastic constants. In
S. P. Clark, ed., Handbook of Physical Constants. New
York: The Geological Society of America,
pp. 97–173.
Bird, R. B., Stewart, W. E., and Lightfoot, E. N., 1960,
Transport Phenomena. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Bott, M. H. P., 1959, The mechanics of oblique slip faulting. Geological Magazine 96: 109–17.
Bourne, S. J., 2003, Contrast of elastic properties
between rock layers as a mechanism for the initiation and orientation of tensile failure under remote
compression. Journal of Geophysical Research 108:
10.1029/2001JB001725.
Bourne, S. J. and Willemse, E. J. M., 2001, Elastic stress
control on the pattern of tensile fracturing around a
small fault network at Nash Point, UK. Journal of
Structural Geology 23: 1753–70.
Bowden, F. P. and Tabor, D., 1950, The Friction and
Lubrication of Solids. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Brace, W. F., 1964, Brittle fracture of rocks. In W. R.
Judd, ed., State of Stress in the Earth’s Crust. New York:
Elsevier, pp. 111–74.
Brace, W. F. and Bombolakis, E. G., 1963, A note on
brittle crack growth in compression. Journal of
Geophysical Research 68: 3709–13.
Brace, W. F. and Byerlee, J. D., 1966, Stick slip as a mechanism for earthquakes. Science 153: 990–2.
Brandon, M. T., 2004, The Cascadia subduction wedge:
the role of accretion, uplift, and erosion. In B. A. van
der Pluijm and S. Marshak, eds., Earth Structure: An
Introduction to Structural Geology and Tectonics. New
York: W. W. Norton, pp. 566–74.
Braunstein, J. and O’Brien, G. D., 1968, Diapirism and
Diapirs: Memoir. Tulsa, OK: American Association of
Petroleum Geologists.
Bredehoeft, J. D., Wolff, R. G., Keys, W. S., and Shuter, E.,
1976, Hydraulic fracturing to determine the regional
REFERENCES
479