197
and Graebner (2007) and Yin’s (2003) chain of evidence method to analyse the case
data (also Eisenhardt 1989). The chain of evidence method calls for clear links in
moving from data to theory, recalling that our overall research question is: how can
underdeveloped yet resource-rich towns undertake development in a way that leads
to community wellbeing? Theory building is a process of data reduction based on
cause-effect evidence. Our process was to first group data into themes based on (1)
features of the community development approach adopted and (2) subjective reactions of different stakeholders. From these two sets of themes, we then induced
theoretical inferences of cause-effect between features and subjective reactions.
Tables 13.2 and 13.3 record the data from this inductive theory-building process.
13.4 Discussion and Results
In this section, we summarise findings from our data analysis as indicated in the first
two columns of Tables 13.2 and 13.3. In the next section of the paper, we further
develop the theoretical inferences that emerge from this analysis and displayed in
the third column of Tables 13.2 and 13.3 and Figs. 13.1 and 13.2.
13.4.1 Antioquia
The State of Antioquia is located on the North Pacific Coast of Colombia. The
region is going through a mining boom that has increased poverty, loss of livelihood
options and civil war. This situation compromises the possibilities to promote community wellbeing at the local level:
Internal conflict dynamics have been exacerbated by illegal groups including guerrillas,
paramilitary and bacrim (criminal bands). These illegitimate actors own small-scale mines
to launder money or support their illegal businesses. In addition, they have found the current
mining boom to be the best opportunity to extort money from companies operating in the
region. Community livelihoods have been heavily impacted by the indirect benefits of mineral extraction to these groups. (Buitrago Franco 2014)
Antioquia has as an active mining industry, as it holds the largest reserves of
gold, silver, coal, platinum and construction materials in Colombia. The industry
also has a long history in the region. Mining projects currently operated by domestic
and multinational companies have significant implications for local communities
(Camara de Comercio de Medellin para Antioquia 2010, p. 14; Sistema de
Informacion Minero Energetico Colombiano 2010, pp. 16–17). Antioquia hosts a
diverse population inhabiting urban and rural areas. Data from the actual census
register (DANE 2010) shows that Antioquia had an urban population of 4,340,744
inhabitants and 1,260,763 people inhabiting rural areas in 2005. Out of the total
population, 51.7% were female and 48.3% male. Antioquia also hosted a total of
1,458,193 households in the same year.
13 SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production
and Graebner (2007) and Yin’s (2003) chain of evidence method to analyse the case
data (also Eisenhardt 1989). The chain of evidence method calls for clear links in
moving from data to theory, recalling that our overall research question is: how can
underdeveloped yet resource-rich towns undertake development in a way that leads
to community wellbeing? Theory building is a process of data reduction based on
cause-effect evidence. Our process was to first group data into themes based on (1)
features of the community development approach adopted and (2) subjective reactions of different stakeholders. From these two sets of themes, we then induced
theoretical inferences of cause-effect between features and subjective reactions.
Tables 13.2 and 13.3 record the data from this inductive theory-building process.
13.4 Discussion and Results
In this section, we summarise findings from our data analysis as indicated in the first
two columns of Tables 13.2 and 13.3. In the next section of the paper, we further
develop the theoretical inferences that emerge from this analysis and displayed in
the third column of Tables 13.2 and 13.3 and Figs. 13.1 and 13.2.
13.4.1 Antioquia
The State of Antioquia is located on the North Pacific Coast of Colombia. The
region is going through a mining boom that has increased poverty, loss of livelihood
options and civil war. This situation compromises the possibilities to promote community wellbeing at the local level:
Internal conflict dynamics have been exacerbated by illegal groups including guerrillas,
paramilitary and bacrim (criminal bands). These illegitimate actors own small-scale mines
to launder money or support their illegal businesses. In addition, they have found the current
mining boom to be the best opportunity to extort money from companies operating in the
region. Community livelihoods have been heavily impacted by the indirect benefits of mineral extraction to these groups. (Buitrago Franco 2014)
Antioquia has as an active mining industry, as it holds the largest reserves of
gold, silver, coal, platinum and construction materials in Colombia. The industry
also has a long history in the region. Mining projects currently operated by domestic
and multinational companies have significant implications for local communities
(Camara de Comercio de Medellin para Antioquia 2010, p. 14; Sistema de
Informacion Minero Energetico Colombiano 2010, pp. 16–17). Antioquia hosts a
diverse population inhabiting urban and rural areas. Data from the actual census
register (DANE 2010) shows that Antioquia had an urban population of 4,340,744
inhabitants and 1,260,763 people inhabiting rural areas in 2005. Out of the total
population, 51.7% were female and 48.3% male. Antioquia also hosted a total of
1,458,193 households in the same year.
13 SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production