17 Update, Conclusions, and Recommendations …
581
ground water bodies) [9]. Obviously, this could not be achieved across the country,
especially if we refer to cross-border hydrographic basins or to the Danube Delta and
Black Sea area. In this respect, the Water Basin Administrations were established
incorporated in the National Hydrological Administration or the Romanian Water
Company. This allowed, firstly, a more accurate and real reevaluation of the spatial
distribution and extent of all categories of water resources and identify vulnerable
areas for that can be found effective measures to reduce water scarcity. In this respect,
the two basic principles set out in the EU Water Framework Directive [10] have been
integrated, the drainage basin principle and the unitary water management principle
[38].
The next step, in line with European legislation translated into the Romanian one,
was the identification of water pollution issues. Up to the 1990 level, information on
water pollution was virtually censored. By adopting European laws and principles
associated (like economic principle and the polluter pays principle) important steps
have been taken in identifying situations related to water pollution [2, 6, 12, 25].
Thus are analyzed the causes and effects of water pollution in Romania (by Breab˘ an
in the chapter Causes and Effects of Water Pollution in Romania) highlighting the
reduction of the impact of industrial activities and the significant increase of the
input of pollutants through the uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture
(the lack of water treatment plants associated with human agglomerations) [5]. Secondly the environmental impact of surface water pollution was also assessed (in the
chapter Management of Surfaces Water Resources—Ecological Status of the Mures ,
Waterbody (Superior Mures , Sector), Romania written by Morar s , i Rus).
Another important aspect associated with the effects of the adopted European
legislation is the one related to the economic valorization of water resources and
the associated problems [26] that arise in the case of water supply of the population
in large urban agglomerations (Constantin and Nit , ˘
a in the chapter Water Supply
Challenges and Achievements in Constanta County) and the quality of water used in
the water supply systems of the population (in the chapter written by Bacotiu et al
Drinking Water Supply Systems—Evolution towards Efficiency).
An important aspect was the identification of anthropogenic impacts on water
resources through surface or underground water extraction [8, 19], by making hydrotechnical constructions [22] or by reducing the woodland area across the country
(Peptenatu et al. in the chapter Deforestation and Frequency of Floods in Romania
and Minea partial in the chapter The Vulnerability of Water Resources from Eastern
Romania to Anthropic Impact and Climate Change).
Also was analyzed the climate-surface water relation (by Briciu et al. in the chapter
Assessment of Some Diurnal Stream water Profiles in Western and Northern Romania in Relation to Meteorological Data) and the impact of climate change on the
evolution of water resources (by Zaharia et al. in the chapter Hydrological Impacts
of Climate Changes in Romania and Minea partial in the chapter The Vulnerability of
Water Resources from Eastern Romania to Anthropic Impact and Climate Change).
Thus, local trends have been identified that integrate in regional trends (both at the
climatic parameters and at the hydrological and hydrogeological parameters) [4, 20,
27, 39]. From the hydrological point of view, the most important trend identified is
581
ground water bodies) [9]. Obviously, this could not be achieved across the country,
especially if we refer to cross-border hydrographic basins or to the Danube Delta and
Black Sea area. In this respect, the Water Basin Administrations were established
incorporated in the National Hydrological Administration or the Romanian Water
Company. This allowed, firstly, a more accurate and real reevaluation of the spatial
distribution and extent of all categories of water resources and identify vulnerable
areas for that can be found effective measures to reduce water scarcity. In this respect,
the two basic principles set out in the EU Water Framework Directive [10] have been
integrated, the drainage basin principle and the unitary water management principle
[38].
The next step, in line with European legislation translated into the Romanian one,
was the identification of water pollution issues. Up to the 1990 level, information on
water pollution was virtually censored. By adopting European laws and principles
associated (like economic principle and the polluter pays principle) important steps
have been taken in identifying situations related to water pollution [2, 6, 12, 25].
Thus are analyzed the causes and effects of water pollution in Romania (by Breab˘ an
in the chapter Causes and Effects of Water Pollution in Romania) highlighting the
reduction of the impact of industrial activities and the significant increase of the
input of pollutants through the uncontrolled use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture
(the lack of water treatment plants associated with human agglomerations) [5]. Secondly the environmental impact of surface water pollution was also assessed (in the
chapter Management of Surfaces Water Resources—Ecological Status of the Mures ,
Waterbody (Superior Mures , Sector), Romania written by Morar s , i Rus).
Another important aspect associated with the effects of the adopted European
legislation is the one related to the economic valorization of water resources and
the associated problems [26] that arise in the case of water supply of the population
in large urban agglomerations (Constantin and Nit , ˘
a in the chapter Water Supply
Challenges and Achievements in Constanta County) and the quality of water used in
the water supply systems of the population (in the chapter written by Bacotiu et al
Drinking Water Supply Systems—Evolution towards Efficiency).
An important aspect was the identification of anthropogenic impacts on water
resources through surface or underground water extraction [8, 19], by making hydrotechnical constructions [22] or by reducing the woodland area across the country
(Peptenatu et al. in the chapter Deforestation and Frequency of Floods in Romania
and Minea partial in the chapter The Vulnerability of Water Resources from Eastern
Romania to Anthropic Impact and Climate Change).
Also was analyzed the climate-surface water relation (by Briciu et al. in the chapter
Assessment of Some Diurnal Stream water Profiles in Western and Northern Romania in Relation to Meteorological Data) and the impact of climate change on the
evolution of water resources (by Zaharia et al. in the chapter Hydrological Impacts
of Climate Changes in Romania and Minea partial in the chapter The Vulnerability of
Water Resources from Eastern Romania to Anthropic Impact and Climate Change).
Thus, local trends have been identified that integrate in regional trends (both at the
climatic parameters and at the hydrological and hydrogeological parameters) [4, 20,
27, 39]. From the hydrological point of view, the most important trend identified is