32
G. Romanescu et al.
the pollutant paying; the economic principle—the beneficiary pays; the principle of
access to water. The listed principles are the foundation for the concept of integrated
management of water resources, which combine the use of water and the protection
of natural ecosystems through integration at the level of the basin of water usages.
The integrated management of water resources (IMWR) promotes the development and coordinated management of the water, the land and the resources, to optimize a balanced social and economic development, without compromising the sustainability of ecosystems. The concept of integrated management of water resources
implies—in opposition to the traditional management of water resources—their integrated approach, on both a physical and a technical level, and at the level of planning
and management. The integration level is represented by the hydrographical basin,
a natural unity of the formation of water resources.
The system of water resources—formed by both the natural system and the water
management infrastructure and the administrative structure—ensures goods and services for water usages, as well as the preservation of aquatic ecosystems. The system
of water resources ensures the water depending on the quantitative and qualitative
requirements expressed by usages that pay for the service ensuring the water.
The system of water resources and that of water usages interact with the economic and social system, but also with the environment. From this point of view, the
connections are twofold:
– the system of water resources and the water usages have an impact upon the development of economic and social activities and upon the quality of the environment;
– society and the environment react to this impact through legislative, technical,
economic and administrative measures in order to reduce the negative effects to
ensure a durable economic development and the conservation of the environment.
The planning and management of water resources are based on the technical and
the economic requirements, meant to ensure the water supply of the usages and
protection of aquatic ecosystems. The most important economic regulations concern
the fees, rates, penalties, and bonuses.
The sustainable development of the systems of water resources comprises the
following aspects:
– the durability of physical aspects—maintaining the natural circuit of water and
nutrients;
– the technical durability—equilibrating the water demand-supply balance;
– the environmental durability—“zero tolerance” for the pollution that exceeds the
self-treatment capacity of the environment. In this case, there are no long-term
effects or irreversible effects upon the environment;
– the social durability—preserving water demands and the will to pay services for
ensuring water resources;
– the economic durability—the economic support of the measures ensuring a high
living standard in the field of water;
– the institutional durability—maintaining the capacity of planning, management,
and operation of the system of water resources.
G. Romanescu et al.
the pollutant paying; the economic principle—the beneficiary pays; the principle of
access to water. The listed principles are the foundation for the concept of integrated
management of water resources, which combine the use of water and the protection
of natural ecosystems through integration at the level of the basin of water usages.
The integrated management of water resources (IMWR) promotes the development and coordinated management of the water, the land and the resources, to optimize a balanced social and economic development, without compromising the sustainability of ecosystems. The concept of integrated management of water resources
implies—in opposition to the traditional management of water resources—their integrated approach, on both a physical and a technical level, and at the level of planning
and management. The integration level is represented by the hydrographical basin,
a natural unity of the formation of water resources.
The system of water resources—formed by both the natural system and the water
management infrastructure and the administrative structure—ensures goods and services for water usages, as well as the preservation of aquatic ecosystems. The system
of water resources ensures the water depending on the quantitative and qualitative
requirements expressed by usages that pay for the service ensuring the water.
The system of water resources and that of water usages interact with the economic and social system, but also with the environment. From this point of view, the
connections are twofold:
– the system of water resources and the water usages have an impact upon the development of economic and social activities and upon the quality of the environment;
– society and the environment react to this impact through legislative, technical,
economic and administrative measures in order to reduce the negative effects to
ensure a durable economic development and the conservation of the environment.
The planning and management of water resources are based on the technical and
the economic requirements, meant to ensure the water supply of the usages and
protection of aquatic ecosystems. The most important economic regulations concern
the fees, rates, penalties, and bonuses.
The sustainable development of the systems of water resources comprises the
following aspects:
– the durability of physical aspects—maintaining the natural circuit of water and
nutrients;
– the technical durability—equilibrating the water demand-supply balance;
– the environmental durability—“zero tolerance” for the pollution that exceeds the
self-treatment capacity of the environment. In this case, there are no long-term
effects or irreversible effects upon the environment;
– the social durability—preserving water demands and the will to pay services for
ensuring water resources;
– the economic durability—the economic support of the measures ensuring a high
living standard in the field of water;
– the institutional durability—maintaining the capacity of planning, management,
and operation of the system of water resources.