20
G. Romanescu et al.
Ialomita, Littoral Dobrudja). The entire data row was completed with the information collected from the scientific literature published in the national and international
journals [53, 55–91].
The graphic materials were edited using licensed software programs. The field
trips were conducted in the period 2010–1017, and they concerned the big hydrographical arteries and the most important lacustrine basins (natural and artificial).
The database of Siret and Prut (Moldova) hydrographic basins was obtained by the
authors based on field work. Most of the measurements were focused on the water
bodies with risk of pollution. The results were published in the Romanian and foreign
literature.
The samples were collected in conformity with the manual of water quality monitoring system elaborated by the specialists of the National Institute of Hydrology
and Water Management in Bucharest. The chemical and biological analyses were
conducted in the Geoarchaeology Laboratory within the Faculty of Geography and
Geology Iasi and within the CERNESIM Laboratory of Alexandru Ioan Cuza University in Iasi. For expeditionary measurements HACH Drel/2010 multi-parameter was
used. Through the devising of management plans for each attachment, in agreement
with the EC Water Framework Directive 2000/60, an abiotic typology of rivers, based
on natural conditions (altitude, mean depth, geology, retention time), was established.
For each river, the pollution-related pressures (punctiform, diffuse and hydromorphological) are identified. An assessment of the anthropic impact is carried out through
the analysis of the groups of chemical indicators based on which the quality classes
in which each sector of the river is included, along with the ecological state of the
water, are established. The global analysis of water chemistry and water quality may
be the result of the interaction between two study models:
– according to the Normative on the establishment of quality classes for surface water
bodies so as to determine their ecological state (Ord. MMGA no. 161/2006), which
states that a river is a static ecosystem, therefore it operates with the absolute values
of the results of the analysis, five water quality classes are carefully delineated
based on the stipulated limits;
– the river is regarded as a dynamic ecosystem, therefore it operates with values that
are average, maximum or minimum, compared with the quality indicators of the
current period (2017) and those of 2010 [92].
2.3 Results and Discussions
The hydrographical district of Romania was graded using RO1000 (Figs. 2.1 and 2.2)
[93]. 97.4% of the surface of Romania is part of the International Hydrographical
District of the Danube (IHDD) accounting for 29% of its surface. The Romanian part
of the IHDD comprises 11 sub-hydrographical basins and 4 categories of surface
G. Romanescu et al.
Ialomita, Littoral Dobrudja). The entire data row was completed with the information collected from the scientific literature published in the national and international
journals [53, 55–91].
The graphic materials were edited using licensed software programs. The field
trips were conducted in the period 2010–1017, and they concerned the big hydrographical arteries and the most important lacustrine basins (natural and artificial).
The database of Siret and Prut (Moldova) hydrographic basins was obtained by the
authors based on field work. Most of the measurements were focused on the water
bodies with risk of pollution. The results were published in the Romanian and foreign
literature.
The samples were collected in conformity with the manual of water quality monitoring system elaborated by the specialists of the National Institute of Hydrology
and Water Management in Bucharest. The chemical and biological analyses were
conducted in the Geoarchaeology Laboratory within the Faculty of Geography and
Geology Iasi and within the CERNESIM Laboratory of Alexandru Ioan Cuza University in Iasi. For expeditionary measurements HACH Drel/2010 multi-parameter was
used. Through the devising of management plans for each attachment, in agreement
with the EC Water Framework Directive 2000/60, an abiotic typology of rivers, based
on natural conditions (altitude, mean depth, geology, retention time), was established.
For each river, the pollution-related pressures (punctiform, diffuse and hydromorphological) are identified. An assessment of the anthropic impact is carried out through
the analysis of the groups of chemical indicators based on which the quality classes
in which each sector of the river is included, along with the ecological state of the
water, are established. The global analysis of water chemistry and water quality may
be the result of the interaction between two study models:
– according to the Normative on the establishment of quality classes for surface water
bodies so as to determine their ecological state (Ord. MMGA no. 161/2006), which
states that a river is a static ecosystem, therefore it operates with the absolute values
of the results of the analysis, five water quality classes are carefully delineated
based on the stipulated limits;
– the river is regarded as a dynamic ecosystem, therefore it operates with values that
are average, maximum or minimum, compared with the quality indicators of the
current period (2017) and those of 2010 [92].
2.3 Results and Discussions
The hydrographical district of Romania was graded using RO1000 (Figs. 2.1 and 2.2)
[93]. 97.4% of the surface of Romania is part of the International Hydrographical
District of the Danube (IHDD) accounting for 29% of its surface. The Romanian part
of the IHDD comprises 11 sub-hydrographical basins and 4 categories of surface