10
A. M. Negm et al.
For the future (by 2050–2065), the projections indicate a decline of the annual runoff,
increases of discharges in winter and decreases in late summer and autumn.
Chapter 11 comprises detailed information about how Siret Water Basin Administration works. Both the structure of the administration and the mechanisms used
for measuring, analyzing and finding the correct solutions are presented. The hydrological activity of the Siret Water Basin Administration is carried out on an area of
28,878 km
2 , managed by four subunits called Water Management Systems (WMS),
and each WMS has one or several hydrological stations subordinated to it. In their
turn, the hydrological stations manage several hydrometric stations. The main activities ongoing at the hydrometric stations are level recordings, water and air temperature recordings, precipitation, meteorological elements recordings, determination of
flows, alluvial sampling, water quality sampling, etc. In addition to river hydrometry, the Siret Basin Water Administration also monitors the lakes. Each hydrological
station has under administration a number of lakes. In addition to the quantitative
monitoring of water bodies in the Siret Water Basin Administration, there is also
qualitative monitoring for the 353 water bodies: 343 water bodies—natural rivers;
10 water bodies—lakes. Out of the total number of monitored waterbodies, 50 bodies of water are natural, and 5 bodies of water are heavily modified. The natural and
heavily modified water bodies in the Siret River Basin are monitored qualitatively
through 87 sections.
The aims of Chap. 12 are to offer an integrated image on the condition factors
(geological, morphological, climatic, hydrographic and phyto-pedogeografic cover)
and the most important, on hydrological regime and balance, which allows the assessment of the water resources of the analysed area, and to compare the raw natural water
quantity with the water quantity accessed by the population. It is analyzed the actual
water resource, being mainly pursued the differences of river runoff, between the
two slopes of the basin, one exposed to the east, and the other to the west. Among
the various parameters, used to emphasize the resource of water in a territory have
been analysed: the volume of average flow, the average drained layer, the average
specific runoff, the coefficient of average river-flow. There are identified high rates of
flow, according to pluvial quantities—over 1100 mm in high mountainous space. The
analysis of how the population benefits of water resources in terms of the quantity
and of the failures existing in the water supply systems is also important. A flow layer
composite raster structure was built, for comparing the surface natural resource with
used by population water resource, and showing the areas where the amount of water
available for the population is in deficit. To sum up, Romanian Upper Tisa Basin, an
rainwater surplus area, with a moderate offer concerning the water resource in the
majority of the basin space, due to the geological layer and anthropogenic pressure.
The surface water resource is very consistent in all Romanian Upper Tisa Basin. The
underground water resource is slightly less represented on the Maramures , Basin, and
better emphasized in the Tisa Corridor or the lower plain of the West.
A. M. Negm et al.
For the future (by 2050–2065), the projections indicate a decline of the annual runoff,
increases of discharges in winter and decreases in late summer and autumn.
Chapter 11 comprises detailed information about how Siret Water Basin Administration works. Both the structure of the administration and the mechanisms used
for measuring, analyzing and finding the correct solutions are presented. The hydrological activity of the Siret Water Basin Administration is carried out on an area of
28,878 km
2 , managed by four subunits called Water Management Systems (WMS),
and each WMS has one or several hydrological stations subordinated to it. In their
turn, the hydrological stations manage several hydrometric stations. The main activities ongoing at the hydrometric stations are level recordings, water and air temperature recordings, precipitation, meteorological elements recordings, determination of
flows, alluvial sampling, water quality sampling, etc. In addition to river hydrometry, the Siret Basin Water Administration also monitors the lakes. Each hydrological
station has under administration a number of lakes. In addition to the quantitative
monitoring of water bodies in the Siret Water Basin Administration, there is also
qualitative monitoring for the 353 water bodies: 343 water bodies—natural rivers;
10 water bodies—lakes. Out of the total number of monitored waterbodies, 50 bodies of water are natural, and 5 bodies of water are heavily modified. The natural and
heavily modified water bodies in the Siret River Basin are monitored qualitatively
through 87 sections.
The aims of Chap. 12 are to offer an integrated image on the condition factors
(geological, morphological, climatic, hydrographic and phyto-pedogeografic cover)
and the most important, on hydrological regime and balance, which allows the assessment of the water resources of the analysed area, and to compare the raw natural water
quantity with the water quantity accessed by the population. It is analyzed the actual
water resource, being mainly pursued the differences of river runoff, between the
two slopes of the basin, one exposed to the east, and the other to the west. Among
the various parameters, used to emphasize the resource of water in a territory have
been analysed: the volume of average flow, the average drained layer, the average
specific runoff, the coefficient of average river-flow. There are identified high rates of
flow, according to pluvial quantities—over 1100 mm in high mountainous space. The
analysis of how the population benefits of water resources in terms of the quantity
and of the failures existing in the water supply systems is also important. A flow layer
composite raster structure was built, for comparing the surface natural resource with
used by population water resource, and showing the areas where the amount of water
available for the population is in deficit. To sum up, Romanian Upper Tisa Basin, an
rainwater surplus area, with a moderate offer concerning the water resource in the
majority of the basin space, due to the geological layer and anthropogenic pressure.
The surface water resource is very consistent in all Romanian Upper Tisa Basin. The
underground water resource is slightly less represented on the Maramures , Basin, and
better emphasized in the Tisa Corridor or the lower plain of the West.