343
Conventions at national and regional levels (UNEP 2015), especially Chap. 5 on
capacity building.
Another example is the Global Drylands Imperative (GDI), a collaboration of
organizations involved in drylands development, and its tools, such as the challenge
papers on these thematic areas such as Poverty and the Drylands; Strategies for the
Sustainable Development of Drylands Areas; Biodiversity in the Drylands;
Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change in the Drylands. Furthermore, we
can cite also UNDP-GEF’s “Guidelines for developing GEF projects in the crosscutting area of land degradation,” as a tool suitable for advanced training.
Finally, the topic of resources mobilization deserves to be mentioned as a “learning must.” In addition to UNDP core resources through the Drylands Development
Centre a range of other funds and special programmes including the Global
Environment Facility (GEF), GEF Small Grants Programme, Capacity 21
Programme, the United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF), Africa 2000
Initiative, and the Special Unit for Technical Cooperation among Developing
Countries (SU/TCDC) are available. All of them include drylands development
objectives in their activities.
How to Do (1): Building Up Policies
In order to try to build the EM application processes in a solid and lasting way, it is
essential to take care of three distinct levels of action:
1. Strategic planning;
2. Implementation;
3. Monitoring and evaluation.
For greater convenience it is worth examining them in separate paragraphs.
To apply the EM to the first level in a winning way, experience teaches that it is
important keeping in mind and taking care of three methodological aspects: logical
planning, participatory approach, and attention to results (Zortea 2013).
In other words, it is recommendable to adopt a strategic sequence, endowed with
some characteristics, i.e.:
(a) Planning (set up according to criteria of linear design, with well-defined actions
in a given space and time oriented to the achievement of definite objectives);
(b) Logic (rational, non-emotional, non-emergency, but far-sighted, with coherent
policies);
(c) Transversal (able to consider the contexts in all their complexity of subjects,
levels, interaction of problems, causes and effects, taking into consideration
both the global dimension and the local dimension);
– to involve all stakeholders (to make a careful mapping of stakeholders and
their characteristics, both favorable and unfavorable to environmental
19 Governing Drylands Through Environmental Mainstreaming: How to Cope…
Conventions at national and regional levels (UNEP 2015), especially Chap. 5 on
capacity building.
Another example is the Global Drylands Imperative (GDI), a collaboration of
organizations involved in drylands development, and its tools, such as the challenge
papers on these thematic areas such as Poverty and the Drylands; Strategies for the
Sustainable Development of Drylands Areas; Biodiversity in the Drylands;
Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change in the Drylands. Furthermore, we
can cite also UNDP-GEF’s “Guidelines for developing GEF projects in the crosscutting area of land degradation,” as a tool suitable for advanced training.
Finally, the topic of resources mobilization deserves to be mentioned as a “learning must.” In addition to UNDP core resources through the Drylands Development
Centre a range of other funds and special programmes including the Global
Environment Facility (GEF), GEF Small Grants Programme, Capacity 21
Programme, the United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF), Africa 2000
Initiative, and the Special Unit for Technical Cooperation among Developing
Countries (SU/TCDC) are available. All of them include drylands development
objectives in their activities.
How to Do (1): Building Up Policies
In order to try to build the EM application processes in a solid and lasting way, it is
essential to take care of three distinct levels of action:
1. Strategic planning;
2. Implementation;
3. Monitoring and evaluation.
For greater convenience it is worth examining them in separate paragraphs.
To apply the EM to the first level in a winning way, experience teaches that it is
important keeping in mind and taking care of three methodological aspects: logical
planning, participatory approach, and attention to results (Zortea 2013).
In other words, it is recommendable to adopt a strategic sequence, endowed with
some characteristics, i.e.:
(a) Planning (set up according to criteria of linear design, with well-defined actions
in a given space and time oriented to the achievement of definite objectives);
(b) Logic (rational, non-emotional, non-emergency, but far-sighted, with coherent
policies);
(c) Transversal (able to consider the contexts in all their complexity of subjects,
levels, interaction of problems, causes and effects, taking into consideration
both the global dimension and the local dimension);
– to involve all stakeholders (to make a careful mapping of stakeholders and
their characteristics, both favorable and unfavorable to environmental
19 Governing Drylands Through Environmental Mainstreaming: How to Cope…