still have a gap in China. Although many studies had been conducted to examine the
ecological effect of N deposition on Chinese grassland ecosystems, most of the
efforts were concentrated on the temperate steppe in North China. Studies from other
grassland ecosystems, widely differed in terms of climate, soil, and vegetation, are
still limited.
References
Aerts R, Chapin F (2000) The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited: a re-evaluation of processes
and patterns. Adv Ecol Res 30(30):1–67
Anderson T, Griffith D, Grace J et al (2018) Herbivory and eutrophication mediate grassland plant
nutrient responses across a global climatic gradient. Ecology 9:822–831
Bai Y, Wu J, Clark C et al (2010) Tradeoffs and thresholds in the effects of nitrogen addition on
biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: evidence from inner Mongolia grasslands. Glob Chang
Biol 16:358–372
Bai W, Guo D, Tian Q et al (2015) Differential responses of grasses and forbs led to marked
reduction in below-ground productivity in temperate steppe following chronic N deposition. J
Ecol 103:1570–1579
Bobbink R, Roelofs J (1995) Nitrogen critical loads for natural and semi-natural ecosystems: the
empirical approach. Water Air Soil Pollut 85:2413–2418
Boutin M, Corcket E, Alard D et al (2017) Nitrogen deposition and climate change have increased
vascular plant species richness and altered the composition of grazed subalpine grasslands. J
Ecol 105:1199–1209
Calvo-Fernández J, Taboada Á, Fichtner A et al (2018) Time- and age-related effects of experimentally simulated nitrogen deposition on the functioning of montane heathland ecosystems.
Sci Total Environ 613–614:149–159
Chen D, Lan Z, Bai X et al (2013) Evidence that acidification-induced declines in plant diversity
and productivity are mediated by changes in below-ground communities and soil properties in a
semi-arid steppe. J Ecol 101:1322–1334
Chen Y, Zhang X, Ye J et al (2014) Six-year fertilization modifies the biodiversity of arbuscular
mycorrhizal fungi in a temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia. Soil Biol Biochem 69:371–381
Chen D, Lan Z, Hu S et al (2015) Effects of nitrogen enrichment on belowground communities in
grassland: relative role of soil nitrogen availability vs. soil acidification. Soil Biol Biochem
89:99–108
Chen X, Wang G, Zhang T et al (2017a) Effects of warming and nitrogen fertilization on GHG flux
in an alpine swamp meadow of a permafrost region. Sci Total Environ 601–602:1389–1399
Chen Y, Xu Z, Xu T et al (2017b) Nitrogen deposition and precipitation induced phylogenetic
clustering of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities. Soil Biol Biochem 115:233–242
Du Y, Guo X, Cao G et al (2016) Simulation and prediction of nitrous oxide emission by the water
and nitrogen management model on the Tibetan plateau. Biochem Syst Ecol 65:49–56
Erisman J, Galloway J, Seitzinger S et al (2013) Consequences of human modification of the global
nitrogen cycle. Philos T Roy Soc A 368:20130116
Fang H, Cheng S, Yu G et al (2014) Low-level nitrogen deposition significantly inhibits methane
uptake from an alpine meadow soil on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Geoderma 213:444–452
Fang K, Kou D, Wang G et al (2017) Decreased soil cation exchange capacity across northern
China’s grasslands over the last three decades. J Geophys Res-sol Ea. https://doi.org/10.1002/
2017JG003968
Galloway J, Dentener F, Capone D et al (2004) Nitrogen cycles: past, present, and future.
Biogeochemistry 70:153–226
10 Impacts of Nitrogen Deposition on China’s Grassland Ecosystems
239
ecological effect of N deposition on Chinese grassland ecosystems, most of the
efforts were concentrated on the temperate steppe in North China. Studies from other
grassland ecosystems, widely differed in terms of climate, soil, and vegetation, are
still limited.
References
Aerts R, Chapin F (2000) The mineral nutrition of wild plants revisited: a re-evaluation of processes
and patterns. Adv Ecol Res 30(30):1–67
Anderson T, Griffith D, Grace J et al (2018) Herbivory and eutrophication mediate grassland plant
nutrient responses across a global climatic gradient. Ecology 9:822–831
Bai Y, Wu J, Clark C et al (2010) Tradeoffs and thresholds in the effects of nitrogen addition on
biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: evidence from inner Mongolia grasslands. Glob Chang
Biol 16:358–372
Bai W, Guo D, Tian Q et al (2015) Differential responses of grasses and forbs led to marked
reduction in below-ground productivity in temperate steppe following chronic N deposition. J
Ecol 103:1570–1579
Bobbink R, Roelofs J (1995) Nitrogen critical loads for natural and semi-natural ecosystems: the
empirical approach. Water Air Soil Pollut 85:2413–2418
Boutin M, Corcket E, Alard D et al (2017) Nitrogen deposition and climate change have increased
vascular plant species richness and altered the composition of grazed subalpine grasslands. J
Ecol 105:1199–1209
Calvo-Fernández J, Taboada Á, Fichtner A et al (2018) Time- and age-related effects of experimentally simulated nitrogen deposition on the functioning of montane heathland ecosystems.
Sci Total Environ 613–614:149–159
Chen D, Lan Z, Bai X et al (2013) Evidence that acidification-induced declines in plant diversity
and productivity are mediated by changes in below-ground communities and soil properties in a
semi-arid steppe. J Ecol 101:1322–1334
Chen Y, Zhang X, Ye J et al (2014) Six-year fertilization modifies the biodiversity of arbuscular
mycorrhizal fungi in a temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia. Soil Biol Biochem 69:371–381
Chen D, Lan Z, Hu S et al (2015) Effects of nitrogen enrichment on belowground communities in
grassland: relative role of soil nitrogen availability vs. soil acidification. Soil Biol Biochem
89:99–108
Chen X, Wang G, Zhang T et al (2017a) Effects of warming and nitrogen fertilization on GHG flux
in an alpine swamp meadow of a permafrost region. Sci Total Environ 601–602:1389–1399
Chen Y, Xu Z, Xu T et al (2017b) Nitrogen deposition and precipitation induced phylogenetic
clustering of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities. Soil Biol Biochem 115:233–242
Du Y, Guo X, Cao G et al (2016) Simulation and prediction of nitrous oxide emission by the water
and nitrogen management model on the Tibetan plateau. Biochem Syst Ecol 65:49–56
Erisman J, Galloway J, Seitzinger S et al (2013) Consequences of human modification of the global
nitrogen cycle. Philos T Roy Soc A 368:20130116
Fang H, Cheng S, Yu G et al (2014) Low-level nitrogen deposition significantly inhibits methane
uptake from an alpine meadow soil on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Geoderma 213:444–452
Fang K, Kou D, Wang G et al (2017) Decreased soil cation exchange capacity across northern
China’s grasslands over the last three decades. J Geophys Res-sol Ea. https://doi.org/10.1002/
2017JG003968
Galloway J, Dentener F, Capone D et al (2004) Nitrogen cycles: past, present, and future.
Biogeochemistry 70:153–226
10 Impacts of Nitrogen Deposition on China’s Grassland Ecosystems
239