635
source of irrigation water, 538, 539
study area and approaches, 532
Tanzanian economy, 528
water access, 531, 532
water access, crop cultivation, 537, 538
water control classes, 538–540
water control technologies, 540, 541
Smallholder irrigation, 531, 543
Social and institutional factors, 32
Socio-economic characteristics
factors, 502
respondents’ distribution, 499
respondents’ education level, 500, 501
respondents’ gender and means,
499, 500
smallholder farmers, 501
Socio-economic study
data collection methods, 375
fish processors (FPs), 374
gender perspectives
dryer/drying racks, 382
female participants, 383
fish processors, 382
fish value chain, 382
household, 383
microfinance institutions, 384
saving methods, 384
implementation strategies, 381, 382
incomes and livelihoods, 374
innovative technologies, 375
Lake Malawi, 374
solar tent dryers, 375
sustainability measures
capacity building, 387
diversification and resilience, 390
participation, 385–387
supply and demand, 388, 389
value addition, 389
value for money, 390
Soil carbon sequestration, see Soil
organic C (SOC)
Soil inorganic C (SIC), 44
Soil organic C (SOC)
components, 44
dynamics, 45, 46
forest degradation and deforestation, 43
fragile natural ecosystems, 43
functions, 46, 47
land use, 43
land use changes, 51, 52
principal ecosystems, 43
soil C sequestration, 47, 48
SSA, 49, 50
Soil organic matter (SOM), 477, 558, 559
Soil resources, 9–11
Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA),
268, 590
Solar dryer committee (SDC), 385
Solar drying method, 379, 380
Solar tent dryers, 314, 374, 375, 377, 384,
386, 391
Somatic cell count (SCC), 269, 270
Southern Africa Development Community
(SADC), 117
Spatiotemporal variation, 160
Starter Pack Scheme (SPS), 552
Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS), 494
Streamflow discharge, 116, 117, 120, 124
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), 4, 178, 268,
396, 608
actor-specific market interventions, 410
agro-ecosystems, 52
blending of interventions, 410
business models, 409
conservation agriculture (CA), 52
food and diversify, 407
geographical location, 43
grazing and pasture management, 55
green manure, 56
illicit practices, 408
inconsistent volume, 409
infrastructure and business support
services, 408
land use changes, 51, 52
legume-based cropping systems, 56
leguminous cover crops, 56
level of chain development, 409
local and global innovation
systems, 409
milk quality standards, 408
milk value chains, 419, 420
nutrient and water use efficiency, 54
policy distortions, 409
policy-related interventions, 409
quality of produce, 409
SLM practices and soil C sequestration
rates, 54
smallholder dairy farmers, 408
smallholder milk and vegetable
farmers, 409
small-scale nature, 408
SOC stocks, 49, 50
soil C sequestration, 55
vegetable value chains, 421
wetlands, 55
Sugarcane production
economic development program, 160
impact climate change, 161
pesticide use, Malawi, 162–164
Index
source of irrigation water, 538, 539
study area and approaches, 532
Tanzanian economy, 528
water access, 531, 532
water access, crop cultivation, 537, 538
water control classes, 538–540
water control technologies, 540, 541
Smallholder irrigation, 531, 543
Social and institutional factors, 32
Socio-economic characteristics
factors, 502
respondents’ distribution, 499
respondents’ education level, 500, 501
respondents’ gender and means,
499, 500
smallholder farmers, 501
Socio-economic study
data collection methods, 375
fish processors (FPs), 374
gender perspectives
dryer/drying racks, 382
female participants, 383
fish processors, 382
fish value chain, 382
household, 383
microfinance institutions, 384
saving methods, 384
implementation strategies, 381, 382
incomes and livelihoods, 374
innovative technologies, 375
Lake Malawi, 374
solar tent dryers, 375
sustainability measures
capacity building, 387
diversification and resilience, 390
participation, 385–387
supply and demand, 388, 389
value addition, 389
value for money, 390
Soil carbon sequestration, see Soil
organic C (SOC)
Soil inorganic C (SIC), 44
Soil organic C (SOC)
components, 44
dynamics, 45, 46
forest degradation and deforestation, 43
fragile natural ecosystems, 43
functions, 46, 47
land use, 43
land use changes, 51, 52
principal ecosystems, 43
soil C sequestration, 47, 48
SSA, 49, 50
Soil organic matter (SOM), 477, 558, 559
Soil resources, 9–11
Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA),
268, 590
Solar dryer committee (SDC), 385
Solar drying method, 379, 380
Solar tent dryers, 314, 374, 375, 377, 384,
386, 391
Somatic cell count (SCC), 269, 270
Southern Africa Development Community
(SADC), 117
Spatiotemporal variation, 160
Starter Pack Scheme (SPS), 552
Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS), 494
Streamflow discharge, 116, 117, 120, 124
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), 4, 178, 268,
396, 608
actor-specific market interventions, 410
agro-ecosystems, 52
blending of interventions, 410
business models, 409
conservation agriculture (CA), 52
food and diversify, 407
geographical location, 43
grazing and pasture management, 55
green manure, 56
illicit practices, 408
inconsistent volume, 409
infrastructure and business support
services, 408
land use changes, 51, 52
legume-based cropping systems, 56
leguminous cover crops, 56
level of chain development, 409
local and global innovation
systems, 409
milk quality standards, 408
milk value chains, 419, 420
nutrient and water use efficiency, 54
policy distortions, 409
policy-related interventions, 409
quality of produce, 409
SLM practices and soil C sequestration
rates, 54
smallholder dairy farmers, 408
smallholder milk and vegetable
farmers, 409
small-scale nature, 408
SOC stocks, 49, 50
soil C sequestration, 55
vegetable value chains, 421
wetlands, 55
Sugarcane production
economic development program, 160
impact climate change, 161
pesticide use, Malawi, 162–164
Index