166
alone. Herein, complexes are formed by either dissolving and
suspending the molecules in aqueous medium and freeze-drying
or physically mixing raw materials and lyophilized materials in all
possible combinations. Lyophilization is applied on frozen solutions of the materials in purified water. All the final samples that are
utilized for DSC analysis, whether they are single materials or mixtures or complexes, are in dry powder form.
1. Losartan potassium (M w = 461.01).
2. 2-HP-β-CD (M w = 1460 (average)).
3. Purified water.
4. NH 3 5 N.
1. Irbesartan (M w = 422.91) or losartan potassium.
2. 2-HP-β-CD.
3. Purified water.
4. NH 3 5 N.
1. DSC aluminum pans with O-ring (40 μL).
2. Pure indium (T m = 156.6 °C).
3. Samples:
∙
Irbesartan or losartan raw material
∙
Lyophilized losartan
∙
2-HP-β-CD raw material
∙
Lyophilized 2-HP-β-CD
∙
Raw material physical mixture
∙
Lyophilized form mixture (see Note 1)
∙
Raw material 2-HP-β-CD mixture with lyophilized losartan
∙
Lyophilized 2-HP-β-CD mixture with raw material losartan
∙
Complex of sartan with 2-HP-β-CD (see Note 2)
3 Methods
Heat-flux DSC is herein applied on samples containing the cyclodextrin 2-HP-β-CD and irbesartan or losartan in various states. The
samples that are subjected to DSC analysis contain the raw material
forms of the cyclodextrin and sartans; their lyophilized forms,
except for irbesartan, which cannot be lyophilized; the lyophilized
complexes between the cyclodextrin and the drugs; the mixtures of
the raw materials; the mixtures of the lyophilized forms, whenever
possible; as well as all possible mixture combinations. Lyophilization
2.1 Lyophilization
of Raw Materials
2.2 Complex
of Sartan
with 2-HP-β-CD
2.3 Differential
Scanning Calorimetry
(DSC)
Nikolaos Naziris et al.
alone. Herein, complexes are formed by either dissolving and
suspending the molecules in aqueous medium and freeze-drying
or physically mixing raw materials and lyophilized materials in all
possible combinations. Lyophilization is applied on frozen solutions of the materials in purified water. All the final samples that are
utilized for DSC analysis, whether they are single materials or mixtures or complexes, are in dry powder form.
1. Losartan potassium (M w = 461.01).
2. 2-HP-β-CD (M w = 1460 (average)).
3. Purified water.
4. NH 3 5 N.
1. Irbesartan (M w = 422.91) or losartan potassium.
2. 2-HP-β-CD.
3. Purified water.
4. NH 3 5 N.
1. DSC aluminum pans with O-ring (40 μL).
2. Pure indium (T m = 156.6 °C).
3. Samples:
∙
Irbesartan or losartan raw material
∙
Lyophilized losartan
∙
2-HP-β-CD raw material
∙
Lyophilized 2-HP-β-CD
∙
Raw material physical mixture
∙
Lyophilized form mixture (see Note 1)
∙
Raw material 2-HP-β-CD mixture with lyophilized losartan
∙
Lyophilized 2-HP-β-CD mixture with raw material losartan
∙
Complex of sartan with 2-HP-β-CD (see Note 2)
3 Methods
Heat-flux DSC is herein applied on samples containing the cyclodextrin 2-HP-β-CD and irbesartan or losartan in various states. The
samples that are subjected to DSC analysis contain the raw material
forms of the cyclodextrin and sartans; their lyophilized forms,
except for irbesartan, which cannot be lyophilized; the lyophilized
complexes between the cyclodextrin and the drugs; the mixtures of
the raw materials; the mixtures of the lyophilized forms, whenever
possible; as well as all possible mixture combinations. Lyophilization
2.1 Lyophilization
of Raw Materials
2.2 Complex
of Sartan
with 2-HP-β-CD
2.3 Differential
Scanning Calorimetry
(DSC)
Nikolaos Naziris et al.