Assessment of Sustainability Elements in Forestry Department …
837
ence in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. Many countries and regions standards with Principles,
Criteria, and Indicators of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) have been developed. In most cases, the development is based on framework of an intergovernmental
or international initiative (Holvoet and Muys 2004).
2.2 Sustainability Assessment by Forestry Department
of Peninsular Malaysia (JPSM)
The formulation of criteria and indicators as a tool to assess sustainable forest management in Peninsular Malaysia started in 1994 based on the International Tropical
Timber Organisation (ITTO) Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management published in 1992 by JPSM initiatives. In 1996 to 1999, as a cooperation
programme under the Malaysia, the Netherlands Joint Working Group on Forestry, a
pilot study on timber certification was tested in Pahang, Selangor and Terengganu and
also developed several factors to adopt such as ITTO Criteria, Indicators for Sustainable Management of Natural Tropical Forests and to formulate a national standard
for forest management certification. As the result, a document entitled Malaysian
Criteria, Indicators, Activities and Standards of Performance (MC&I) for Forest
Management Certification (Forest Management Unit Level), Peninsular Malaysia
(Malaysia-The Netherlands Ad Hoc Working Group) dated 23 December 1999. The
document is also commonly known as MC&I 2001 (JPSM 2016).
Through JPSM, Malaysia has used the ITTO and Criteria and Indicator (C&I) as
a framework for their forest certification standards (Rametsteiner and Simula 2003).
Malaysia also undertook a review of its policy framework resulting in amendments to
the National Forestry Act in 1993 (Ali 1998) and applied separate sectoral policies
such as the National Policy on Biodiversity (MOSTE 1998) and National Policy
on the Environment (MOSTE 2002). A comprehensive study of the nation’s green
policy, the National Conservation Strategy, was completed in 1993 by WWFM for
the Economic Planning Unit (EPU), Prime Minister’s Department (EPU Malaysia
1993).
Currently, JPSM uses Malaysian Criteria and Indicators for Forest Management
Certification, also known as MC&I 2002 for their Forest Assessment. MC&I 2002
is a result from the updated MC&I 2001. MC&I Standard 2002 has been updated
in line with the outcome of its feedback and experience in the field and has been
replaced with the MC&I (Natural Forest) under the Program for The Endorsement
of Forest Certification Schemes (PEFC) through the Malaysian Timber Certification
Scheme (MTCS) and effective from January 2013 (JPSM 2016).
837
ence in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. Many countries and regions standards with Principles,
Criteria, and Indicators of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) have been developed. In most cases, the development is based on framework of an intergovernmental
or international initiative (Holvoet and Muys 2004).
2.2 Sustainability Assessment by Forestry Department
of Peninsular Malaysia (JPSM)
The formulation of criteria and indicators as a tool to assess sustainable forest management in Peninsular Malaysia started in 1994 based on the International Tropical
Timber Organisation (ITTO) Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management published in 1992 by JPSM initiatives. In 1996 to 1999, as a cooperation
programme under the Malaysia, the Netherlands Joint Working Group on Forestry, a
pilot study on timber certification was tested in Pahang, Selangor and Terengganu and
also developed several factors to adopt such as ITTO Criteria, Indicators for Sustainable Management of Natural Tropical Forests and to formulate a national standard
for forest management certification. As the result, a document entitled Malaysian
Criteria, Indicators, Activities and Standards of Performance (MC&I) for Forest
Management Certification (Forest Management Unit Level), Peninsular Malaysia
(Malaysia-The Netherlands Ad Hoc Working Group) dated 23 December 1999. The
document is also commonly known as MC&I 2001 (JPSM 2016).
Through JPSM, Malaysia has used the ITTO and Criteria and Indicator (C&I) as
a framework for their forest certification standards (Rametsteiner and Simula 2003).
Malaysia also undertook a review of its policy framework resulting in amendments to
the National Forestry Act in 1993 (Ali 1998) and applied separate sectoral policies
such as the National Policy on Biodiversity (MOSTE 1998) and National Policy
on the Environment (MOSTE 2002). A comprehensive study of the nation’s green
policy, the National Conservation Strategy, was completed in 1993 by WWFM for
the Economic Planning Unit (EPU), Prime Minister’s Department (EPU Malaysia
1993).
Currently, JPSM uses Malaysian Criteria and Indicators for Forest Management
Certification, also known as MC&I 2002 for their Forest Assessment. MC&I 2002
is a result from the updated MC&I 2001. MC&I Standard 2002 has been updated
in line with the outcome of its feedback and experience in the field and has been
replaced with the MC&I (Natural Forest) under the Program for The Endorsement
of Forest Certification Schemes (PEFC) through the Malaysian Timber Certification
Scheme (MTCS) and effective from January 2013 (JPSM 2016).